Table 6 Association of characteristic of the participants with untreated diabetes

Age

1.02

(1.00–1.05)

0.041

Frailty

Pre-frail

0.69

(0.52–0.92)

0.01

Frail

0.70

(0.37–1.32)

0.28

Sex (reference group: female)

1.60

(1.20–2.15)

0.002

Marital status (reference group: single)

Married

0.42

(0.08–2.37)

0.327

Divorced

0.80

(0.08–7.51)

0.844

Widow

0.54

(0.10–3.07)

0.489

Education (reference group: Illiterate)

Primary School

1.15

(0.85–1.56)

0.377

High School

1.02

(0.63–1.64)

0.940

Diploma

1.05

(0.66–1.66)

0.845

Academic

1.63

(0.91–2.90)

0.097

Smoking

Past smoker

1.06

(0.81–1.41)

0.63

Current smoker

1.17

(0.83–1.64)

0.34

Drinking

1.75

(0.51–5.95)

0.36

Income (reference group: <155$)

155–312$

0.78

(0.57–1.07)

0.130

≥ 312$

1.01

(0.67–1.52)

0.960

Low Physical Activity

1.33

(0.96–1.86)

0.090

Dementia

1.00

(0.76–1.30)

0.985

Depressed mood

1.49

(1.00–2.23)

0.053