Table 2 Comparison of clinical characteristic in T2DM patients with or without CAS and HP compliations
Variables | Healthy (n = 258) | T2DM (n = 239) | CAS or HP (n = 248) | CAS with HP (n = 214) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FGF21, pg/mL | 123.9 (67.2-219.3) | 197.2 (129.7-308.3) | 305.9 (177.2-508.4) | 550.5 (312.6-711.3) | < 0.001 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 22.28 ± 2.92 | 24.982 ± 3.35 | 25.537 ± 3.01 | 26.315 ± 3.27 | < 0.001 |
Male, % | 41.9 | 72.0 | 75.8 | 76.6 | < 0.001 |
Current smoking, % | 16.6 | 43.5 | 32.7 | 35 | < 0.001 |
Current drinking, % | 19.5 | 30.5 | 33.5 | 24.8 | 0.004 |
Age, years | 41.36 ± 12.25 | 46.41 ± 10.55 | 54.53 ± 8.77 | 58.39 ± 7.27 | < 0.001 |
T2DM duration, months | / | 52.50 ± 66.68 | 73.35 ± 82.76 | 111.05 ± 88.75 | < 0.001 |
FPG, mmol/L | 4.82 (4.51–5.11) | 7.5 (6.4–9.5) | 7.6 (6.2–9.53) | 7.1 (6.0-8.9) | 0.165 |
HbA1c, % | 5.4 (5.17–5.6) | 8.7 (7.25–11.1) | 8.4 (7.3–10.5) | 7.9 (7.1–9.6) | 0.002 |
SBP, mmHg | 117.84 ± 13.04 | 126.55 ± 16.48 | 134.13 ± 19.59 | 144.12 ± 19.96 | < 0.001 |
DBP, mmHg | 70.49 ± 9.09 | 75.22 ± 10.31 | 76.14 ± 11.34 | 77.86 ± 11.37 | < 0.001 |
TG, mmol/L | 1.13 (0.81–1.57) | 1.5 (1.1–2.3) | 1.7 (1.1–2.3) | 1.7 (1.2–2.4) | 0.200 |
TC, mmol/L | 4.95 (4.32–5.51) | 4.7 (4.0-5.35) | 4.7 (4.08–5.5) | 4.6 (3.9–5.3) | 0.622 |
HDL-c, mmol/L | 1.36 (1.14–1.54) | 1.1 (0.9–1.3) | 1.0 (0.9–1.2) | 1.0 (0.9–1.2) | 0.414 |
LDL-c, mmol/L | 3.11 (2.56–3.72) | 2.9 (2.3–3.4) | 2.9 (2.3–3.4) | 2.7 (2.1–3.5) | 0.216 |
ALT, U/L | 18 (13–26) | 56 (19–206) | 38.5 (19–164) | 27 (16-96.5) | < 0.001 |
AST, U/L | 67 (55–80) | 83.6 (66–90) | 84 (63–92) | 76 (60-90.08) | 0.110 |
ALP, U/L | 20 (17-23.25) | 29 (17–42,7) | 25 (17.25–40.28) | 21 (16-39.23) | 0.010 |
eGFR, ml/min/1.73m2 | 118.5 (109.2-128.4) | 111 (102.8-118.5) | 105 (96.6-110.7) | 100.3 (89.7-106.8) | < 0.001 |
Antihypertensive therapy, % | / | 6.3 | 23.4 | 63.1 | < 0.001 |
Left cIMT | / | 0.76 ± 0.18 | 1.07 ± 0.21 | 1.21 ± 0.78 | < 0.001 |
Right cIMT | / | 0.74 ± 0.20 | 0.96 ± 0.24 | 1.08 ± 0.22 | < 0.001 |
Plaque score | / | 0.17 ± 0.38 | 1.32 ± 1.10 | 2.33 ± 0.72 | < 0.001 |
Hypercholesterolemia, % | / | 10.5 | 8.1 | 10.7 | 0.553 |
Hypotriglyceridemia, % | / | 25.1 | 25.8 | 31.3 | 0.273 |
Lipid-lowering therapy, % | / | 25.9 | 25.8 | 32.7 | 0.178 |
No, % | / | 35.1 | 29.4 | 17.8 | < 0.001 |
Insulin, % | / | 6.7 | 10.1 | 5.6 | 0.159 |
OHA, % | / | 42.7 | 36.7 | 41.1 | 0.377 |
Insulin + OHA, % | / | 15.5 | 25 | 35.5 | < 0.001 |