Table 1 Previous cases of peripheral precocious puberty triggered central precocious puberty

Pescovitz OH

1984

3 M, 1 F

N/A

4.88 ± 0.74

N/A

N/A

CAH

hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone

N/A

2.12 ± 1.38 year b

6.75 ± 0.83

10.5–13.5

T 274 ± 60

E 40 ± 15

LHRHa

Criscuolo T

1985

1 M

12

6

6.00

T 270–360

Leydig cell tumor

cyproterone acetate→surgery

regress

6 months after surgery

7.50

N/A

T 280

cyproterone acetate

Pescovitz OH

1985

1 F

36

4.5

6.50

T 322

Adrenal tumor

adrenalectomy

regress

4 months after surgery

4.80

12.00

E 32.0

LHRHa

Schmidt H

1998

1 F

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

McCune-Albright

syndrome

N/A

N/A

N/A

6

11

E 15.6

GnRHa

Ghazi AA

2001

1 M

11

6.5

6.50

T 887

Leydig cell tumor

orchidectomy

regress

3 months after surgery

6.8

N/A

T 141.3

medroxyprogesterone, cyproterone acetate → LHRH

Bajpai A

2006

1 M

3

2.5

5.90

T 224

CAH

hydrocortisone and spironolactone

N/A

3 yr

5.2

15

N/A

GnRHa

Jeha GS

2006

1 M

36

4.5

5.50

T 254

FMPP

testolactone, spironolactone, flutamide

progress

18months

6

13

T 225

GnRHa(Lupron Depot)

Almeida MQ

2008

4 M

N/A

4.13 ± 2.21

3.25 ± 1.47

T 196–266

FMPP

cyproterone acetate or ketoconazole

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

GnRHa

Kiepe D

2008

1 M

24

6.7

5.30

T 312

Leydig cell tumor

surgery

regress

1 year

7.7

13.5

T 47

GnRHa

Bas F

2009

1 F

24

2.5

N/A

E 90

Overy granulosa cell tumor

surgery

progress

7 months after surgery

3.1

7

E 30

GnRHa

Miyoshi Y

2009

1 M

18

6.5

5

T 218

Adrenal tumor

surgery

regress

2 months after the operation

6.80

N/A

T 92

GnRHa

Lignitz S

2011

1 M

12

7

5.50

T 144

Leydig cell tumor

surgery

regress

2 months after the operation

7.2 ^b

N/A

T 201

GnRHa

Olivier P

2012

1 M

36

9

4.50

T 268

Leydig cell tumor

surgery

testosterone decreased

1 month after surgery

9.1^b

N/A

T 37

N/A

Santos-Silva R

2013

1 M

12

8

4.00

T 148

Leydig cell tumor

surgery

progress

2 months after surgery

8.2^b

N/A

T 245

GnRHa

Güven A,

2015

5 M, 5 F

N/A

6.18 ± 2.1

4.53 ± 1.92

T 1.21–625

E2 20-40.1

CAH

hydrocortisone, mineralocorticoid

N/A

0.82 ± 0.54 years

6.78 ± 1.8

11.2 ± 1.7

N/A

GnRHa

Kim MS

2015

1 M

3

8

1.50

T 382

Adrenal tumor

surgery

regress

2 months after the operation

8.2

N/A

T 334

GnRHa

Verrotti A

2015

2 M

4,6

7.5,7.7

2.3,3.3

T 158,

Leydig cell tumor

surgery

regress

4 months after surgery

7.8-8.0

12.5, 12

T 178, 210

GnRHa

Sahana PK

2016

1 M

5.4

N/A

N/A

N/A

CAH

hydrocortisone

N/A

N/A

6.5

12

T 910

LHRHa

Ersoy B

2017

1 F

4

4

5.00

E 34.6

T 67.22

Adrenal tumor

surgery

progress

24 months after surgery

6

10.50

E2 20

GnRHa

Dayal D

2018

4 F, 1 M

14

3.6 ± 0.74

3.2 ± 1.3

N/A

CAH

hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone

N/A

N/A

4.7 ± 1.2

N/A

N/A

GnRHa

Goyal A

2019

1 M

8

7

6.00

T 1190

Adrenal tumor

surgery

regress

6 months after surgery

7.5^b

N/A

T 72.9

GnRHa

Stecchini MF

2019

4 F, 3 M

6 ≥ 48 months

6 < 48 months

4 ≥ 48 months

3 < 48 months

5 Advanced

1 Not advanced

T 381

Adrenal tumor

surgery combined with chemotherapy or radiotherapy

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

GnRHa(2 F, 1 M)

Singhania P

2022

1 M

4–6

6

6.00

T 293

Leydig cell tumor

surgery

regress

4 weeks after surgery

6.1^b

N/A

T 28.4

GnRHa

Gaikwad PM

2022

1 F

30

5.5

N/A

E 22.1

Overy granulosa cell tumor

surgery and chemotherapy

N/A

18 months after surgery

7

11

E 11

GnRHa

Cattoni A

2022

1 M

4

6.2

N/A

6.85

mature teratomatous and germinoma

bicalutamide and anastrozole →surgery→chemotherapy and radiotherap

progress

8 months after surgery

8.00

N/A

N/A

GnRHa