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Table 4 Relation analysis of antibody levels against PCK1 protein with data of subjects in DM cohort

From: Serum anti-PCK1 antibody levels are a prognostic factor for patients with diabetes mellitus

Sex

 

Male

Female

Sample number

 

156

119

s-PCK1-Ab level

Average

4,823

4,692

SD

4,588

2,940

P value (vs Male)

  

0.5812

DM type

 

Type-1 DM

Type-2 DM

Sample number

 

28

215

s-PCK1-Ab level

Average

3,866

5,058

SD

2,462

4,271

P value (vs BMI < 25)

  

0.0642

Obesity

 

BMI < 25

BMI ≥ 25

Sample number

 

156

114

s-PCK1-Ab level

Average

5,066

4,379

SD

4,660

2,782

P value (vs BMI < 25)

  

0.3676

Complication

 

Hypertension-

Hypertension + 

Sample number

 

144

240

s-PCK1-Ab level

Average

6,105

7,666

SD

4,927

6,750

P value (vs HT-)

  

0.0198*

Complication

 

CVD-

CVD + 

Sample number

 

257

18

s-PCK1-Ab level

Average

4,791

4,415

SD

4,049

2,230

P value (vs CVD-)

  

0.7568

Complication

 

Dyslipidemia-

Dyslipidemia + 

Sample number

 

237

26

s-PCK1-Ab level

Average

4,955

3,767

SD

4,154

2,081

P value (vs Dyslipidemia-)

  

0.0941

Life style

 

Non-smoker

Smoker

Sample number

 

142

131

s-PCK1-Ab level

Average

4,491

5,015

SD

2,863

4,834

P value (vs Non-smoker)

  

0.5445

Life style

 

Alcohol-

Alcohol + 

Sample number

 

160

114

s-PCK1-Ab level

Average

4,560

5,071

SD

2,842

5,134

P value (vs Alcohol-)

  

0.9975

Medication

 

Antihypertensive-

Antihypertensive + 

Sample number

 

106

159

s-PCK1-Ab level

Average

4,850

4,660

SD

4,982

3,169

P value (vs Alcohol-)

  

0.8093

  1. The subjects were divided into two groups as follows: sex (male and female), type-1 and type-2 DM, BMI < 25 and ≥ 25, presence ( +) or absence ( −) of complications of hypertension, CVD, or dyslipidemia, and lifestyle factors (smoking and alcohol intake habits). Antibody levels (Alpha counts) were compared using the Mann–Whitney U test. Sample numbers, averages, and SDs of counts and P values are shown
  2. s-PCK1-Ab Serum phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 antibody, DM Diabetes mellitus,
  3. CVD Cardiovascular disease, BMI Body mass index, SD Standard deviation
  4. *Significant correlations (P < 0.05) are indicated in bold