Fig. 3
Heterogeneity according to BMI of associations of body shape phenotypes with erythrocyte and reticulocyte parameters. ABSI – a body shape index (cut-offs: ≥ 73 women, ≥ 80 men); Apple – large-ABSI-small-HI; BMI – body mass index; CI – confidence interval; HI – hip index (cut-offs: ≥ 64 women, ≥ 49 men); IRF – immature reticulocyte fraction; MCH – mean corpuscular haemoglobin; MCHC – mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration; MCV – mean corpuscular volume; MRV – mean reticulocyte volume; NW – normal weight (BMI ≥ 18.5 to < 25 kg/m2); OW – overweight (BMI ≥ 25 to < 30 kg/m2); OB – obese (BMI ≥ 30 to < 45 kg/m2); Pear – small-ABSI-large-HI; RDW – red cell distribution width; SD – standard deviation (SDW – women; SDM – men); Slim – small-ABSI-small-HI; Wide – large-ABSI-large-HI. SDdifference (95% CI) – regression coefficient (95% confidence interval) interpreted for each anthropometric category as the difference in a haematological parameter on SD scale compared to the reference category (NW-"pear”). Estimates were obtained from multivariable linear regression models, including each erythrocyte or reticulocyte parameter as an outcome variable (sex-specific z-scores, value minus mean divided by SD). An BMI-by-ABSI-by-HI cross-classification represented the exposure variable (a single model for all BMI categories, reference NW-“pear”). Adjustment variables included height, age, recent weight change, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, Townsend deprivation index, dietary intake (fruit, vegetables, red meat, processed meat, poultry, fish, cheese, bread, cereals, tea, coffee), recent major dietary change, region of the assessment centre, time of blood collection, fasting time, use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, use of vitamins ACE, vitamin D and minerals, or multivitamins, and for women, menopausal status, hormonal replacement therapy use, oral contraceptives use, and age at the last live birth. Values are shown in Supplementary Table S4. p next to NW-“pear” – p-value for heterogeneity of the association with body shape according to BMI category, from a likelihood ratio test (separately for women and men) comparing the fully adjusted additive model including ABSI-by-HI and BMI categories, with the interaction model including BMI-by-ABSI-by-HI. * p < 0.001; ** p < 1*10–6