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Table 2 Clinical characteristics of patients with IAD.

From: Isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency following immune checkpoint inhibitors treatment often occurs in polyglandular endocrinopathies

 

IAD (n = 13)

IAD + PHT (n = 13)

IAD + FT1DM(n = 2)

P

Symptoms, n/total n (%)

    

Fatigue

13/13

13/13

2/2

-

Nausea

11/13 (84.6)

8/13 (61.5)

1/2 (50)

0.378a

Headache

1/13 (7.7)

2/13 (15.4)

0

1.000a

Polydipsia

-

-

2/2

-

Hypotension, n/n tested (%)

3/13(23.1)

1/13(7.7)

0/2

0.593a

Hyponatremia, n/n tested (%)

9/13(69.2)

8/13(61.5)

2/2

1.000a

Laboratory results (unit, normal range), median (IQR)

    

Morning ACTH (pmol/L, 1.5–13.9)

0.46 (0.33, 2.24)

0.40(0.33, 1.25)

1.54

0.511a

Morning Cortisol (nmol/L, 133–537)

19.7(7.3, 45.8)

15.5 (5.1, 37.0)

11.47

0.840a

TSH (mIU/L, 0.27–4.2)

1.89(1.48, 3.7)

9.92(6.43, 36.8)

1.87

< 0.01a

FT4 (pmol/L, 12.0–22.0)

16.3 (14, 17.4)

11.1 (8.2, 15.7)

13.5

< 0.01a

Thyroid autoantibodies, n positive/n tested (%)

    

TPO-Ab

3/13(23.1)

2/13(15.4)

0/2

-

Tg-Ab

1/13(7.7)

1/13(7.7)

0/2

-

TR-Ab

0/13

0/13

0/2

-

GAD/IAA/ICA, n positive/n tested

-

-

0/2

-

Pituitary MRI, normal n/ n performed

7/7

7/7

-

-

Numbers using intravenous glucocorticoid, n/ total n

6/13

6/13

-

-

Intravenous glucocorticoid (mg), median (IQR)

225(150, 350)

200(50, 250)

0

0.481 a

cortisone acetate at discharge (mg), median (IQR)

37.5 (37.5, 50.0)

37.5(25.0, 37.5)

37.5

0.56a

Levothyroxine at discharge (µg), median (IQR)

-

25(12.5, 75.0)

-

-

  1. Notes: a, comparison between patients with IAD and IAD + HT.
  2. Abbreviations: n, number; IAD, isolated adrenocorticotrophic hormone deficiency; PHT, primary hypothyroidism; FT1DM, fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus; IQR, interquartile range; ACTH, adrenocorticotrophic hormone; TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone; FT4, free thyroxine; TPO-Ab, thyroid peroxidase antibody; Tg-Ab, thyroglobulin antibody; TR-Ab, TSH-receptor antibody; GAD, anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase; IAA, insulin autoantibody; ICA, Islet cell antibody; MRI, Magnetic Resonance Image