Table 1 The baseline characteristics of Japanese population based on quartiles of ALT/HDL-C ratio

Participants

3836

3830

3837

3839

Gender

 < 0.001^a

 Female

3142 (81.91%)

2288 (59.74%)

1220 (31.80%)

378 (9.85%)

 Male

694 (18.09%)

1542 (40.26%)

2617 (68.20%)

3461 (90.15%)

 Age(years)

42.03 ± 8.38

43.91 ± 8.97

45.09 ± 9.41

43.94 ± 8.56

 < 0.001^b

Ethanol consumption(g/week)

1 (0, 22)

1 (0, 54)

2.8 (0, 84)

12(1, 90)

 < 0.001^c

Smoking status

 < 0.001^a

 Never-smoker

3004 (78.31%)

2574 (67.21%)

1925 (50.17%)

1485 (38.68%)

 Ex-smoker

428 (11.16%)

600 (15.67%)

876 (22.83%)

1010 (26.31%)

 Current-smoker

404 (10.53%)

656 (17.13%)

1036 (27.00%)

1344 (35.01%)

Habit of exercise

 < 0.001^a

 No

3214 (83.79%)

3114 (81.31%)

3056 (79.65%)

3257 (84.84%)

 Yes

622 (16.21%)

716 (18.69%)

781 (20.35%)

582 (15.16%)

SBP (mmHg)

108.82 ± 13.41

111.96 ± 14.45

115.60 ± 14.31

121.25 ± 14.63

 < 0.001^b

DBP (mmHg)

67.34 ± 9.54

69.66 ± 9.95

72.57 ± 10.00

76.52 ± 10.12

 < 0.001^b

BMI (kg/m²)

20.35 ± 2.26

21.18 ± 2.56

22.39 ± 2.83

24.39 ± 3.03

 < 0.001^b

WC (cm)

70.50 ± 6.74

73.54 ± 7.51

77.79 ± 8.05

83.63 ± 7.87

 < 0.001^b

ALT (IU/L)

14.47 ± 3.88

16.67 ± 4.30

18.31 ± 5.18

23.05 ± 8.28

 < 0.001^b

AST (IU/L)

10.92 ± 2.76

15.02 ± 3.15

19.24 ± 4.21

32.34 ± 12.63

 < 0.001^b

GGT(IU/L)

11 (9, 14)

13 (11, 17)

16 (13, 23)

24 (17, 37)

 < 0.001^c

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.82 ± 0.38

1.56 ± 0.32

1.35 ± 0.28

1.13 ± 0.26

 < 0.001^b

TG (mmol/L)

0.52 (0.38, 0.70)

0.62 (0.44, 0.87)

0.82 (0.58, 1.16)

1.21 (0.82, 1.74)

 < 0.001^c

TC (mmol/L)

5.06 ± 0.82

5.03 ± 0.85

5.13 ± 0.87

5.27 ± 0.88

 < 0.001^b

HbA1c (%)

5.15 ± 0.30

5.16 ± 0.32

5.17 ± 0.33

5.21 ± 0.34

 < 0.001^b

FPG (mmol/L)

5.00 ± 0.39

5.08 ± 0.41

5.21 ± 0.40

5.35 ± 0.37

 < 0.001^b

ALT/HDL-C ratio

6.07 ± 1.26

9.65 ± 1.03

14.36 ± 1.89

29.22 ± 11.44

 < 0.001^b