Table 1 Participants’ characteristics
Measurements | Conventional treatment group (n = 12) | Mastication intervention group (n = 16) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 40.5 ± 12.7 | 44.6 ± 12.4 | 0.396 |
Height (cm) | 158.5 ± 5.1 | 155.5 ± 6.2 | 0.187 |
Weight (kg) | 93.6 ± 12.8 | 88.1 ± 20.5 | 0.419 |
Body fat percentage (%) | 47.7 ± 4.7 | 47.7 ± 3.9 | 0.979 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 37.4 ± 5.2 | 36.9 ± 6.7 | 0.854 |
Skeletal muscle mass (kg) | 26.1 ± 3.2 | 25.4 ± 4.8 | 0.664 |
Body fat (kg) | 45.6 ± 8.6 | 43.3 ± 12.54 | 0.590 |
Subcutaneous fat area (cm2) | 497.0 ± 133.7 | 429.1 ± 159.3 | 0.243 |
Visceral fat area (cm2) | 161.8 ± 67.6 | 175.6 ± 64.9 | 0.590 |
Diabetes n, (%) | 1 (8.3) | 6, (37.5) | 0.184 |
Dyslipidemia n, (%) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (37.5) | 0.024* |
Hypertension n, (%) | 2 (16.7) | 3 (18.8) | 1.000 |
Fatty liver disease n, (%) | 1 (8.3) | 5 (31.5) | 0.196 |
Smoking n, (%) | 1 (8.3) | 2 (12.5) | 1.000 |
Drinking n, (%) | 4 (33.3) | 2 (12.5) | 0.354 |
Exercise habits n, (%) | 3 (25.0) | 5 (31.5) | 1.000 |