Table 1 Clinical and laboratory parameters of the study populations

Children/

adolescents

All

(N = 552)

MetS–

(N = 406, 74%)

MetS+ 

(N = 146, 26%)

p

MetS - vs MetS+ 

p

M MetS+ vs F MetS+ 

Age, years

14.8 (12.9–16.3)

14.5 (12.4–15.9)

15.8 (14.0–16.9)

 < 0.0001

Sex (N, %)

M 219, 40; F 333, 60

M 151, 69; F 255,77

M 68, 31; F 78, 23

0.523

0.046

BMI, kg/m²

36.4 (32.7–40.7)

35.5 (32.2–39.8)

39.3 (35.6–42.6)

 < 0.0001

WC, cm

113.0 (103.0–123.0)

110.0 (101.0–120.0)

122.0 (112.0–132.0)

 < 0.0001

SBP, mm Hg

120.0 (120.0–130.0)

120.0 (110.0–125.0)

130 (130.0–140.0)

 < 0.0001

DBP, mm Hg

80.0 (70.0–80.0)

80.0 (70.0–80.0)

80.0 (80.0–87.5)

 < 0.0001

TG, mmol/L

88.0 (65.0–115.0)

80.5 (62.0–103.3)

117.0 (86.0–158.0)

 < 0.0001

FBG, mmol/L

4.5 (4.3–4.3)

4.5 (4.3–4.3)

4.5 (4.3–4.8)

0.929

HDL, mg/dL

41.0 (35.0–48.0)

44.0 (39.8–51.0)

35.0 (32.0–38.0)

 < 0.0001

Adults

All

(N = 231)

MetS–

(N = 68, 29%)

MetS+ 

(N = 163, 71%)

p

MetS - vs MetS+ 

p

M MetS+ vs F MetS+ 

Age, years

52.3 (36.4–63.3)

44.9 (27.3–62.4)

52.9 (41.5–63.7)

0.027

Sex (N,%)

M 88, 38; F 143, 62

M 17, 19; F 51, 36

M 71, 81; F 92, 64

0.942

 < 0.0001

BMI, kg/m²

43.6 (40.5–48.3)

42.7 (40.4–46.1)

44.2 (40.8–48.9)

0.052

WC, cm

121.0 (114.0–132.0)

115.0 (108.0–126.3)

125.0 (117.0–134.0)

 < 0.0001

SBP, mm Hg

135.0 (120.0–145.0)

125.0 (120.0–140.0)

140.0 (130.0–150.0)

 < 0.0001

DBP, mm Hg

80.0 (80.0–90.0)

80.0 (80.0- 80.0)

80.0 (80.0–90.0)

0.002

TG, mmol/L

130.0 (102.0–169.0)

104.5 (89.2–129.8)

145.0 (114.0–186.0)

 < 0.0001

FBG, mmol/L

5.4 (4.9–6.1)

5.0 (5.3–4.6)

5.8 (6.8–5.2)

 < 0.0001

HDL, mg/dL

44.0 (38.0–53.0)

51.5 (43.0–59.0)

42.0 (36.0–49.0)

 < 0.0001