Table 2 Study population characteristics based on the case and control groups
|  | Non-NAFLD (n = 450) | NAFLD (n = 225) | P-value* |
|---|---|---|---|
Demographic data | Â | Â | Â |
Age,(year) | 37.9 ± 8.9 | 38.6 ± 8.7 | 0.296 |
Male, (%) | 51.8 | 55.6 | 0.354 |
Body mass index (Kg/m2) | 25.0 ± 3.0 | 30.6 ± 4.0 | < 0.001 |
Physical activity ( MET/min/week) | 1590 ± 949 | 1119 ± 616 | < 0.001 |
Smoking (yes, %) | 2.7 | 7.1 | 0.006 |
Marital status (married, %) | 81.3 | 88.9 | 0.022 |
Education level (Bachelor and higher, %) | 47.8 | 44.9 | 0.478 |
Family size (> 4 members, %,) | 57.3 | 85.8 | < 0.001 |
House acquisition (yes, %) | 71.8 | 61.8 | 0.008 |
Foreign travel (yes, %) | 12.0 | 23.6 | < 0.001 |
Income (high, %) | 4.7 | 24.9 | < 0.001 |
Socio economic status (%) |  |  | < 0.001 |
Low (%) | 31.6 | 21.3 | Â |
Middle (%) | 40.4 | 33.8 | Â |
High (%) | 28.0 | 44.9 | Â |
Dietary intake | Â | Â | Â |
Energy intake(Kcal/d) | 2170 ± 625 | 2312 ± 606 | 0.004 |
Carbohydrate (% of energy) | 55.9 ± 6.6 | 56.0 ± 7.4 | 0.913 |
protein(% of energy) | 13.2 ± 2.2 | 13.2 ± 2.5 | 0.924 |
fat(% of energy) | 30.8 ± 6.5 | 30.8 ± 7.4 | 0.939 |
Polyunsaturated fatty acids(% of energy) | 6.3 ± 2.2 | 6.7 ± 2.5 | 0.193 |
Monounsaturated fatty acids(% of energy) | 10.6 ± 2.6 | 10.8 ± 2.9 | 0.617 |
Saturated fatty acids(% of energy) | 10.5 ± 2.9 | 10.2 ± 3.0 | 0.260 |
Fiber (g/1000 Kcal) | 15.9 ± 6.5 | 16.8 ± 8.3 | 0.121 |