Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants classified according to alcohol consumption
None or minimal | Light | Moderate | Heavy | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 11,805 | N = 1,758 | N = 1,360 | N = 541 | ||
Age (y) | 43.17 ± 8.86 | 44.73 ± 8.72 | 45.89 ± 8.96 | 46.63 ± 8.47 | < 0.001 |
Male, sex | 5354 (45.35%) | 1369 (77.87%) | 1166 (85.74%) | 541 (100.00%) | < 0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 21.96 ± 3.18 | 22.42 ± 2.94 | 22.66 ± 2.82 | 23.10 ± 2.78 | < 0.001 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 75.59 ± 9.18 | 78.43 ± 8.34 | 79.52 ± 8.26 | 81.69 ± 7.40 | < 0.001 |
Smoking status | < 0.001 | ||||
Never | 7907 (66.98%) | 681 (38.74%) | 350 (25.74%) | 93 (17.19%) | |
Past | 1812 (15.35%) | 515 (29.30%) | 448 (32.94%) | 177 (32.72%) | |
Current | 2086 (17.67%) | 562 (31.97%) | 562 (41.32%) | 271 (50.09%) | |
Exercise | < 0.001 | ||||
No | 9832 (83.29%) | 1398 (79.52%) | 1094 (80.44%) | 431 (79.67%) | |
Yes | 1973 (16.71%) | 360 (20.48%) | 266 (19.56%) | 110 (20.33%) | |
Fatty liver disease | 0.035 | ||||
No | 9717 (82.31%) | 1472 (83.73%) | 1110 (81.62%) | 424 (78.37%) | |
Yes | 2088 (17.69%) | 286 (16.27%) | 250 (18.38%) | 117 (21.63%) | |
ALT (IU/L) | 16.00 (12.00, 22.00) | 18.00 (14.00, 25.00) | 19.00 (15.00, 25.00) | 21.00 (17.00, 29.00) | < 0.001 |
AST (IU/L) | 17.00 (14.00, 21.00) | 18.00 (14.00, 21.00) | 19.00 (15.00, 23.00) | 20.00 (16.00, 25.00) | < 0.001 |
GGT (IU/L) | 14.00 (11.00–19.00) | 19.00 (14.00–28.00) | 23.00 (16.00–35.00) | 30.00 (21.00–46.00) | < 0.001 |
HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.47 ± 0.40 | 1.43 ± 0.41 | 1.46 ± 0.42 | 1.43 ± 0.41 | 0.002 |
TC (mmol/L) | 5.12 ± 0.87 | 5.09 ± 0.84 | 5.16 ± 0.84 | 5.18 ± 0.79 | 0.091 |
TG (mmol/L) | 0.70 (0.46, 1.06) | 0.80 (0.56, 1.22) | 0.89 (0.61, 1.36) | 1.03 (0.70, 1.60) | < 0.001 |
HbA1C (%) | 5.19 ± 0.32 | 5.12 ± 0.32 | 5.11 ± 0.32 | 5.09 ± 0.34 | < 0.001 |
FPG (mmol/L) | 5.12 ± 0.41 | 5.26 ± 0.40 | 5.31 ± 0.39 | 5.37 ± 0.37 | < 0.001 |
SBP (mmHg) | 113.08 ± 14.64 | 117.27 ± 15.19 | 119.76 ± 14.73 | 123.13 ± 15.08 | < 0.001 |
DBP (mmHg) | 70.41 ± 10.24 | 73.94 ± 10.38 | 75.82 ± 10.31 | 78.78 ± 10.16 | < 0.001 |