Table 1 The characteristic differences between T2DM patients with and without low muscle mass
Characteristics | Male (n = 558) | Female (n = 490) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Normal muscle mass (n = 441) | Low muscle mass (n = 117) | P value | Normal muscle mass (n = 419) | Low muscle mass (n = 71) | P value | |
Age (years) | 54.73 ± 12.07 | 60.78 ± 13.53 | < 0.001 | 61.13 ± 10.97 | 65.52 ± 11.35 | 0.002 |
Duration (years) | 8.04 ± 6.82 | 8.93 ± 5.79 | 0.192 | 8.65 ± 5.97 | 9.24 ± 6.75 | 0.446 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 27.4 ± 4.74 | 23.58 ± 5.43 | < 0.001 | 27.14 ± 5.03 | 22.17 ± 4.1 | < 0.001 |
SMI | 8.19 ± 1.54 | 6.45 ± 0.48 | < 0.001 | 6.5 ± 0.89 | 5.07 ± 0.33 | < 0.001 |
SBP (mmHg) | 140.83 ± 19.96 | 138.13 ± 20.75 | 0.197 | 143.23 ± 20.87 | 143.07 ± 22.11 | 0.953 |
DBP (mmHg) | 82.61 ± 13 | 78.97 ± 12.85 | 0.007 | 76.54 ± 12.87 | 76.45 ± 11.16 | 0.958 |
TG (mmol/L) | 1.83 ± 1.08 | 1.39 ± 0.77 | < 0.001 | 1.72 ± 0.94 | 1.39 ± 0.69 | 0.006 |
TC (mmol/L) | 4.44 ± 1.04 | 4.45 ± 1.08 | 0.912 | 4.65 ± 1.16 | 4.6 ± 1.17 | 0.753 |
LDL (mmol/L) | 2.97 ± 0.9 | 2.97 ± 0.95 | 0.962 | 3.01 ± 0.92 | 2.89 ± 0.99 | 0.319 |
HDL (mmol/L) | 1.14 ± 0.26 | 1.22 ± 0.3 | 0.005 | 1.28 ± 0.32 | 1.36 ± 0.35 | 0.051 |
FPG (mmol/L) | 8.02 ± 2.65 | 7.94 ± 3.17 | 0.766 | 7.74 ± 2.9 | 7.04 ± 2.76 | 0.075 |
HbA1c (%) | 8.41 ± 2.1 | 8.86 ± 2.09 | 0.043 | 8.29 ± 2.02 | 8.19 ± 2.13 | 0.697 |
TG/HDL ratio | 1.74 ± 1.15 | 1.26 ± 0.87 | < 0.001 | 1.49 ± 0.16 | 1.12 ± 0.7 | 0.011 |
Cardiovascular disease (n, %) | 105 (23.8%) | 34 (29.1%) | 0.243 | 156 (37.2%) | 30 (42.3%) | 0.42 |
Renal disease (n, %) | 9 (2%) | 2 (1.7%) | 0.819 | 15 (3.6%) | 3 (4.2%) | 0.789 |
Pulmonary disease (n, %) | 32 (7.3%) | 9 (7.7%) | 0.872 | 13 (3.1%) | 4 (5.6%) | 0.281 |
Treatment | ||||||
Metformin (n, %) | 302 (68.5%) | 75 (64.1%) | 0.335 | 302 (72.1%) | 42 (59.2%) | 0.022 |
Acarbose (n, %) | 150 (34%) | 41 (35%) | 0.86 | 166 (39.6%) | 24 (33.8%) | 0.337 |
Sulfonylureas (n, %) | 105 (23.8%) | 44 (37.6%) | 0.003 | 127 (30.3%) | 21 (29.6%) | 0.872 |
DPP-IV inhibitor (n, %) | 87 (19.7%) | 32 (27.4%) | 0.078 | 75 (17.9%) | 12 (16.9%) | 0.825 |
Insulin (n, %) | 167 (37.9%) | 44 (37.6%) | 0.959 | 162 (38.7%) | 20 (33.8%) | 0.435 |
Statin (n, %) | 123 (27.9%) | 37 (31.6%) | 0.603 | 138 (32.9%) | 28 (39.4%) | 0.597 |