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Table 1 General characteristics and anthropometric measurements of study participants across different tertiles of dietary choline, betaine and total choline and betaine intake

From: Dietary choline and betaine intake, cardio-metabolic risk factors and prevalence of metabolic syndrome among overweight and obese adults

Variables

Total choline

Total betaine

Total choline and betaine

1st tertile

(n = 112)

2nd tertile

(n = 113)

3rd tertile

(n = 113)

P

1st tertile

(n = 112)

2nd tertile

(n = 113)

3rd tertile

(n = 113)

P

1st tertile

(n = 112)

2nd tertile

(n = 113)

3rd tertile

(n = 113)

P

Age (year)

41.20 (9.54)

40.41 (8.46)

39.96 (9.16)

0.583

41.67 (9.24)

40.53 (9.34)

39.08

(8.39)

0.056

41.94

(9.50)

40.57

(8.68)

39.07

(8.81)

0.059

Weight (kg)

89.26 (14.23)

92.07(14.86)

94.86 (14.03)

0.015

89.92 (16.80)

92.20 (13.77)

94.08

(12.49)

0.099

88.97

(15.60)

91.38

(13.89)

95.83

(13.25)

0.001

Height (cm)

165.90 (9.85)

168.36 (9.78)

169.44 (9.64)

0.022

167.53(10.36)

168.05

(9.56)

167.91

(9.67)

0.881

166.93

(10.26)

167.47

(9.23)

169.32

(9.94)

0.161

BMI (kg/m 2 )

32.42 (4.97)

32.50 (4.75)

33.07 (4.85)

0.050

31.96 (5.37)

32.65

(4.13)

33.38

(4.91)

0.088

31.88

(5.23)

32.60

(4.31)

33.50

(4.88)

0.043

WC (cm)

105.51 (9.15)

106.34 (9.68)

108.25 (10.02)

0.092

105.34 (10.51)

106.82

(8.73)

107.95

(9.59)

0.127

105.26

(10.05)

106.21

(8.44)

108.63

(10.19)

0.026

Height (cm)

115.08 (9.37)

114.82 (8.63)

114.82 (9.87)

0.975

115.19 (9.32)

113.31

(9.04)

116.13

(9.30)

0.095

114.58

(9.52)

113.97

(8.37)

116.15

(9.82)

0.231

WHR

0.92 (0.09)

0.93 (0.07)

0.95 (0.07)

0.043

0.91 (0.08)

0.95

(0.08)

0.93

(0.07)

0.011

0.92

(0.08)

0.93

(0.08)

0.94

(0.06)

0.296

FM (kg)

34.51 (7.57)

33.88 (10.57)

33.12 (8.95)

0.699

35.74 (10.57)

33.31

(8.54)

33.12

(8.68)

0.268

34.24

(8.01)

34.43

(9.80)

33.04

(9.29)

0.626

FFM (kg)

58.82 (12.18)

62.86 (12.83)

64.71 (11.49)

0.026

60.86 (12.92)

62.57

(12.44)

62.79

(12.06)

0.684

59.16

(12.31)

61.50

(12.75)

64.80

(11.672)

0.037

BMR (kcal)

7228.90 (1602.91)

7996.58

(1513.40)

8097.51

(1680.69)

0.049

7778.58

(1520.56)

7950.70

(1473.04)

7852.78

(1787.09)

0.842

7547.92

(1420.28)

7755.70

(1697.38)

8130.95

(1642.48)

0.122

PA (min/week)

1653.96

(2786.17)

2405.45

(3498.22)

2371.40

(3287.67)

0.354

2031.22

(2784.99)

1773.48

(2654.86)

2541.14

(3797.19)

0.352

1694.89

2441.22

1793.54

2441.22

2754.25

2441.22

0.108

MetS [n(%)] Yes

49 (43.20)

40 (35.39)

46 (40.70)

0.703*

46 (41.10)

52 (46)

37 (32.70)

0.201*

48 (42.90)

43 (38)

44 (38.90)

0.550*

  1. BMI, Body mass index; WC, Waist Circumference; WHR, waist to hip ratio; FM, Fat Mass; FFM, Fat Free Mass; BMR, Basal Metabolic Rate; PA, Physical Activity; MetS, metabolic syndrome; all data are mean (± SD) except MetS that is presented as number and percent. P values derived from One-Way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc comparisons. P* values derived from chi-squared test
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BMC Endocrine Disorders

ISSN: 1472-6823

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