Table 3 Assessment tools and results of the critical appraisal for included studies
Authors and year | Assessment tools | Methodological Quality Scores | |
|---|---|---|---|
Primary studies | Pembroke et al. (2021) [22] | CASP | - |
Ayar et al. (2021) [21] | RoB2.0 Cochrane | Some concerns | |
Döğer et al. (2019) [23] | NOS | - | |
Malik et al. (2019) [24] | CASP | - | |
Troncone et al. (2019) [26] | CASP | - | |
Sap et al. (2019) [25] | ROBINS-I Cochrane | Serious risk of bias | |
Vaala et al. (2018) [27] | CASP | - | |
Henkemans et al. (2017) [18] | RoB2.0 Cochrane | Some concerns | |
Frøisland & Årsand (2015) [6] | CASP | - | |
Newton & Ashley (2013) [19] | RoB2.0 Cochrane | Some concerns | |
Nordfeldt et al. (2013) [28] | CASP | - | |
Secondary studies | Nkhoma et al. (2021) [29] | Amstar-2 | High quality review |
Zhao et al. (2021) [2] | Amstar-2 | Low quality review | |
Rewolinski et al. (2020) [5] | Amstar-2 | Low quality review | |
Duke et al. (2018) [13] | Amstar-2 | Critically Low quality review | |
Chaves et al. (2017) [20] | Amstar-2 | Critically Low quality review | |
Swartwout et al. (2016) [30] | Amstar-2 | Critically Low quality review | |
Lazem et al. (2015) [31] | Amstar-2 | Critically Low quality review | |
McDarby et al. (2015) [32] | Amstar-2 | Critically Low quality review | |
Pal (2014) [34] | Amstar-2 | Critically Low quality review | |
Ho et al. (2014) [7] | Amstar-2 | Critically Low quality review | |
Dougherty et al. (2014) [33] | Amstar-2 | Critically Low quality review |