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Table 3 Risk of NAFLD according to the quintiles of energy-adjusted selenium intake (µg/day)

From: Dietary selenium intake in relation to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease assessed by fatty liver index and hepatic steatosis index; a cross-sectional study on the baseline data of prospective PERSIAN Kavar cohort study.

Models

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

Q5

P-trend

NAFLD assessed by FLI

Event/Total

336/605

323/605

347/605

350/606

352/605

 

Model 1, OR (95%CI)

1.00 (Ref.)

0.92 (0.73–1.15)

1.08 (0.86–1.35)

1.09 (0.87–1.37)

1.11 (0.89–1.40)

0.160

Model 2, OR (95%CI)

1.00 (Ref.)

0.90 (0.71–1.13)

1.05 (0.83–1.32)

1.18 (0.93–1.49)

1.42 (1.11–1.80)

0.001

§Model 3, OR (95%CI)

1.00 (Ref.)

0.98 (0.77–1.25)

1.15 (0.90–1.48)

1.31 (1.01–1.70)

1.50 (1.13–1.99)

0.002

NAFLD assessed by HSI

Event/Total

309/605

297/605

318/605

323/606

323/605

 

Model 1, OR (95%CI)

1.00 (Ref.)

0.92 (0.74–1.16)

1.06 (0.85–1.33)

1.09 (0.87–1.37)

1.10 (0.88–1.37)

0.336

Model 2, OR (95%CI)

1.00 (Ref.)

0.86 (0.67–1.09)

0.98 (0.77–1.25)

1.18 (0.93–1.50)

1.40 (1.09–1.79)

0.003

§Model 3, OR (95%CI)

1.00 (Ref.)

0.95 (0.74–1.22)

1.11 (0.86–1.43)

1.34 (1.03–1.75)

1.50 (1.12–2.01)

0.006

  1. Abbreviations: CI: confidence interval, BMI: body mass index, FLI: Fatty liver index, HSI: Hepatic steatosis index, NAFLD: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, OR: odds ratio, Ref.: referent values
  2. Adjusted ORs and 95% CI were determined by multivariable logistic regression
  3. †Model 1: crude and unadjusted; ‡Model 2: adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, education levels, smoking status, alcohol intake (yes, no), wealth score index, and physical activity; §Model 3: further adjusted for energy, saturated fatty acids, cholesterol, fiber, and fructose intakes