Table 4 The follow-up metabolic parameters of the PHPT group

BMI, kg/m²

25.0 [23.3; 26.8]

25.3 [23.8; 27.5]

0.004

Fasting glucose, mmol/l

5.10 [4.81; 5.24]

4.69 [4.48; 5.00]

0.031

2-h glucose OGTT, mmol/l

5.51 [4.56; 6.48]

5.48 [4.74; 7.22]

0.379

HbA1c, %

5.30 [5.10; 5.50]

5.60 [5.30; 5.80]

0.001

Total cholesterol, mmol/l

4.89 [4.19; 5.59]

5.08 [4.5; 5.61]

0.246

LDL cholesterol, mmol/l

2.90 [2.50; 3.64]

3.23 [2.4; 3.8]

0.381

HDL cholesterol, mmol/l

1.34 [1.14; 1.76]

1.33 [1.15; 1.67]

0.795

Triglycerides, mmol/l

1.16 [1.02; 1.35]

1.22 [0.93; 1.63]

0.278

Uric acid, µmol/l

307 [254; 357]

260 [238; 352]

0.044

Adiponectin, µg/ml

8.08 [6.27; 9.71]

7.10 [3.98; 10.3]

0.059

Leptin, µg/l

10.8 [4.36; 17.6]

12.1 [4.09; 24.8]

0.123

M-value, mg/kg/min

5.48 [4.30; 7.43]

6.17 [4.56; 6.90]

0.959

AUC C-peptide phase 1

63.2 [47.5; 73.5]

53.9 [44.2; 71.0]

0.679

AUC C-peptide phase 2

161 [149; 193]

169 [139; 196]

0.737

AUC IRI phase 1

657 [426; 862]

501 [339; 768]

0.163

AUC IRI phase 2

1121 [917; 1320]

982 [806; 1375]

0.044

Percent body fat, %

37.6 [25.8; 41.7]

31.7 [22.5; 37.1]

0.266

Visceral fat area, cm²

88.1 [56.6; 140]

87.8 [59.7; 141]

0.149