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Table 2 Dietary intakes of the study participants at beginning, during, and at the end of the study

From: The effects of soymilk plus probiotics supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized clinical trial

Variables

Soymilk + probiotic supplement

Soymilk + placebo

Milk + placebo

Probiotic supplement

*P-value

Energy (kcal/day)

Week 0

1652.17 ± 782.72

1393.49 ± 408.35

1388.77 ± 546.22

1586.25 ± 860.03

0.44

Week 3

1.68 ± 2.03

0.99 ± 0.23

1.68 ± 2.03

0.99 ± 0.23

0.85

Week 6

1.68 ± 2.03

0.99 ± 0.23

1.68 ± 2.03

0.99 ± 0.23

0.98

**P-value

0.53

0.22

0.10

0.83

 

Protein (gr/day)

Week 0

56.47 ± 35.57

47.04 ± 16.42

43.05 ± 24.05

46.79 ± 21.80

0.33

Week 3

53.47 ± 23.14

50.72 ± 19.28

54.06 ± 34.17

51.90 ± 15.10

0.97

Week 6

51.20 ± 19.26

52.63 ± 21.90

52.18 ± 27.62

48.20 ± 17.94

0.91

**P-value

0.34

0.24

0.12

0.73

 

Carbohydrate (gr/day)

Week 0

248.70 ± 114.08

214.09 ± 66.53

213.76 ± 76.65

247.16 ± 93.04

0.36

Week 3

236.53 ± 83.61

234.45 ± 70.90

252.07 ± 103.35

266.33 ± 73.96

0.56

Week 6

237.54 ± 90.84

239.68 ± 110.42

245.08 ± 70.18

260.80 ± 73.08

0.19

**P-value

0.57

0.20

0.06

0.53

 

Fat (gr/day)

Week 0

50.27 ± 32.66

40.82 ± 17.09

42.60 ± 24.28

48.28 ± 70.92

0.85

Week 3

46.88 ± 21.30

41.87 ± 16.94

49.65 ± 29.08

36.92 ± 14.53

0.21

Week 6

49.18 ± 19.91

41.52 ± 16.94

45.58 ± 23.21

37.21 ± 16.31

0.81

**P-value

0.83

0.85

0.33

0.47

 

SFA (gr/day)

Week 0

14.63 ± 11.65

11.28 ± 7.16

11.60 ± 6.84

11.67 ± 8.75

0.54

Week 3

14.40 ± 8.69

13.22 ± 6.66

15.15 ± 11.75

10.79 ± 5.49

0.35

Week 6

14.14 ± 7.73

12.09 ± 6.29

13.83 ± 9.44

10.44 ± 4.77

0.30

**P-value

0.80

0.65

0.07

0.55

 

MUFA (gr/day)

Week 0

14.57 ± 11.93

12.05 ± 7.71

12.52 ± 8.44

12.47 ± 14.30

0.86

Week 3

13.84 ± 7.20

12.35 ± 6.81

14.89 ± 8.90

10.86 ± 5.82

0.38

Week 6

14.52 ± 6.16

12.55 ± 7.04

13.27 ± 7.70

11.09 ± 6.89

0.41

**P-value

0.98

0.73

0.48

0.66

 

PUFA (gr/day)

Week 0

14.78 ± 11.85

11.66 ± 4.38

14.24 ± 9.18

19.72 ± 46.32

0.74

Week 3

13.50 ± 7.69

10.48 ± 3.91

14.21 ± 8.85

10.25 ± 3.92

0.10

Week 6

14.79 ± 9.11

11.90 ± 5.73

12.48 ± 7.82

10.85 ± 5.25

0.30

**P-value

0.99

0.83

0.19

0.38

 

Dietary fiber (gr/day)

Week 0

11.07 ± 4.97

13.49 ± 5.62

12.22 ± 5.22

14.31 ± 5.44

0.21

Week 3

13.16 ± 5.68

11.16 ± 4.11

11.44 ± 4.53

14.29 ± 5.01

0.12

Week 6

14.48 ± 7.10

11.39 ± 4.99

10.97 ± 4.13

13.18 ± 6.08

0.14

**P-value

0.16

0.21

0.67

0.08

 

Cholesterol (mg/day)

Week 0

170.32 ± 158.10

129.81 ± 106.92

161.71 ± 251.43

109.02 ± 108.46

0.58

Week 3

161.04 ± 105.02

131.75 ± 87.91

209.85 ± 185.70

132.70 ± 80.00

0.13

Week 6

194.71 ± 129.01

156.12 ± 111.00

156.11 ± 135.31

157.04 ± 130.95

0.66

**P-value

0.48

0.65

0.89

0.08

 
  1. Abbreviations: SFA saturated fatty acid, MUFA monounsaturated fatty acid, PUFA polyunsaturated fatty acid
  2. Values are expressed as means ± SD. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant
  3. *One-way analysis of covariance (ANOVA) test was used for comparisons of quantitative variables between the groups
  4. **Paired sample t-test was used for comparisons between the means before and after the interventions
  5. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant
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BMC Endocrine Disorders

ISSN: 1472-6823

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