Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of adult participants based on ADA risk scores in PGSCa (n = 7989)
Total | Normal (N) | Prediabetes (PreD) | Diabetes (D) | P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ageb (y) | 50.52 ± 8.75 | 44.62 ± 5.83 | 48.59 ± 7.48 | 54.84 ± 8.40 | < 0.001 | N < PreD < D |
Sexc | < 0.001 | |||||
Male | 3898 (48.8) | 990 (25.4) | 913 (23.4) | 1995 (51.2) | ||
Female | 4091 (51.2) | 1213 (29.7) | 999 (24.4) | 1879 (45.9) | ||
Marital statusc | < 0.001 | |||||
Single | 259 (3.2) | 129 (49.8) | 53 (20.5) | 77 (29.7) | ||
Married | 7282 (91.2) | 1969 (27.0) | 1772 (24.3) | 3541 (48.6) | ||
Widowed | 348 (4.4) | 65 (18.7) | 68 (19.5) | 215 (61.8) | ||
Divorced | 100 (1.3) | 40 (40.0) | 19 (19.0) | 41 (41.0) | ||
Occupationc | < 0.001 | |||||
Employed | 3372 (42.2) | 793 (23.5) | 785 (23.3) | 1794 (53.2) | ||
Unemployed | 4617 (57.8) | 1410 (30.5) | 1127 (24.4) | 2080 (45.1) | ||
Place of residencec | < 0.001 | |||||
Urban | 3601 (45.1) | 893 (24.8) | 868 (24.1) | 1840 (51.1) | ||
Rural | 4388 (54.9) | 1310 (29.9) | 1044 (23.8) | 2034 (46.4) | ||
Heightb (cm) | 162.94 ± 9.35 | 163.38 ± 9.29 | 163.07 ± 9.29 | 162.62 ± 9.39 | 0.008 | N > D |
Weightb (kg) | 73.91 ± 13.54 | 67.49 ± 11.23 | 72.96 ± 12.75 | 78.03 ± 13.61 | < 0.001 | N < PreD < D |
BMIc (kg/m2) | 27.90 ± 4.97 | 25.34 ± 4.08 | 27.49 ± 4.62 | 29.56 ± 4.94 | < 0.001 | N < PreD < D |
Underweight | 119 (1.5) | 64 (53.8) | 31 (26.1) | 24 (20.2) | < 0.001 | |
Normal | 2200 (27.5) | 1063 (48.3) | 545 (24.8) | 592 (26.9) | ||
Overweight | 3177 (39.8) | 850 (26.8) | 825 (26.0) | 1502 (47.3) | ||
Obese | 2493 (31.2) | 226 (9.1) | 511 (20.5) | 1756 (70.4) | ||
Family history of diabetesc | < 0.001 | N < PreD < D | ||||
No | 3703 (46.4) | 1435 (38.8) | 904 (24.4) | 1364 (36.8) | ||
Yes | 4286 (53.6) | 768 (17.9) | 1008 (23.5) | 2510 (58.6) | ||
Physical activityc | < 0.001 | N < PreD < D | ||||
< 41 METs/hour/day | 4595(57.5) | 860(18.7) | 1017(22.1) | 2718(59.1) | ||
> 41 METs/hour/day | 3394(42.5) | 1341(39.5) | 895(26.3) | 1156 [22] | ||
Hypertensionc | < 0.001 | N < PreD < D | ||||
No | 5041(63.1) | 1985(39.4) | 1427(28.3) | 1629(32.3) | ||
Yes | 2948(36.9) | 218(7.4) | 485(16.5) | 2245(76.2) | ||
Hip Circumferenceb (cm) | 102.92 ± 9.65 | 99.07 ± 8.16 | 102.14 ± 9.07 | 105.50 ± 9.91 | < 0.001 | N < PreD < D |
Waist Circumferenceb (cm) | 97.98 ± 12.32 | 91.64 ± 11.04 | 96.79 ± 11.23 | 102.18 ± 11.84 | < 0.001 | N < PreD < D |
Wrist Circumferenceb (cm) | 16.69 ± 1.34 | 16.17 ± 1.21 | 16.57 ± 1.25 | 17.04 ± 1.34 | < 0.001 | N < PreD < D |
Waist/Hip Ratiob | 0.95 ± 0.06 | 0.92 ± 0.07 | 0.95 ± 0.06 | 0.97 ± 0.05 | < 0.001 | N < PreD < D |
Waist/Height Ratiob | 0.60 ± 0.09 | 0.56 ± 0.08 | 0.60 ± 0.08 | 0.63 ± 0.09 | < 0.001 | N < PreD < D |