Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population according to TyG index in NHANES 2013–2014. Date were expressed as number ± standard deviation for continuous variables or number (percentage) for categorical variables
Q1(lowest) | Q2 | Q3 | Q4(highest) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | 372 | 371 | 371 | 372 | |
Age (years) | 57.7 ± 12.9 | 59.5 ± 12.3 | 59.4 ± 11.7 | 59.0 ± 11.7 | < 0.001 |
Male (%) | 149 (40.1) | 183 (49.3) | 183 (49.3) | 207 (55.6) | 0.031 |
Race/ethnicity (%) | < 0.001 | ||||
Non-Hispanic white | 160 (43.0) | 177 (47.7) | 148 (39.9) | 187 (50.3) | |
Non-Hispanic black | 110 (29.6) | 76 (20.5) | 52 (14.0) | 38 (10.2) | |
Mexican American | 32 (8.6) | 35 (9.4) | 64 (17.3) | 38 (10.2) | |
Other | 70 (18.8) | 83 (22.4) | 107 (28.8) | 87 (23.4) | |
Education levels (%) | 0.090 | ||||
Less than high school | 74 (19.9) | 82 (22.1) | 108 (29.1) | 97 (26.1) | |
High school or equivalent | 82 (22.1) | 77 (20.8) | 75 (20.2) | 82 (22.1) | |
College or above | 215 (58.0) | 212 (57.1) | 188 (50.7) | 192 (51.8) | |
Family income- poverty ratio (%) | 0.003 | ||||
≤ 1.0 | 64 (18.7) | 56 (15.9) | 79 (23.3) | 64 (18.9) | |
1.0–3.0 | 125 (36.4) | 116 (32.9) | 135 (39.8) | 144 (42.5) | |
> 3.0 | 154 (44.9) | 181 (51.3) | 25 (36.9) | 131 (38.6) | |
BMI (kg/m2) | < 0.001 | ||||
< 25.0 | 163 (44.1) | 126 (34.3) | 85 (23.1) | 45 (12.1) | |
25.0–29.9 | 124 (33.5) | 140 (38.1) | 152 (41.3) | 145 (39.1) | |
≥ 30.0 | 83 (22.4) | 101 (27.5) | 131 (35.6) | 181 (48.8) | |
Smoking status (%) | 0.213 | ||||
Current smoker | 50 (18.1) | 60 (21.7) | 65 (25.3) | 66 (25.4) | |
Ever smoker | 6 (2.2) | 11 (4.0) | 9 (3.5) | 11 (4.2) | |
Never smoker | 221 (79.8) | 206 (74.4) | 183 (71.2) | 183 (70.4) | |
Physical activity (%) | 0.695 | ||||
Vigorous | 61 (32.6) | 55 (29.7) | 55 (31.2) | 71 (37.0) | |
Moderate | 64 (34.2) | 72 (38.9) | 68 (38.6) | 70 (36.5) | |
Inactive | 62 (33.2) | 58 (31.4) | 53 (30.1) | 51 (26.6) | |
Hypertension (%) | 63 (17.7) | 75 (20.7) | 84 (23.3) | 82 (22.5) | 0.260 |
Diabetes (%) | 21 (5.7) | 41 (11.1) | 61 (16.4) | 158 (42.5) | < 0.001 |
Osteoporosis (%) | 28 (7.5) | 33 (8.9) | 41 (11.1) | 31 (8.3) | 0.375 |
Glucose(mg/dL) | 96.1 ± 11.6 | 102.1 ± 15.8 | 108.6 ± 22.5) | 138.9 ± 59.2 | < 0.001 |
Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 54.5 ± 12.7 | 86.3 ± 15.2 | 122.4 ± 22.6 | 235.2 ± 232.9 | < 0.001 |
TyG index | 7.83 ± 0.26 | 8.36 ± 0.12 | 8.77 ± 0.13 | 9.51 ± 0.47 | < 0.001 |
HOMA-IR | 0.25 ± 0.19 | 0.39 ± 0.41 | 0.53 ± 0.84 | 1.18 ± 2.70 | < 0.001 |
Calcium (mmol/L) | 2.34 ± 0.09 | 2.35 ± 0.09 | 2.36 ± 0.08 | 2.36 ± 0.09 | 0.004 |
25-VitD3 (nmol/L) | 33.51 ± 37.77 | 30.09 ± 36.12 | 34.43 ± 38.94 | 24.94 ± 34.27 | 0.003 |
Phosphorus (mmol/L) | 1.21 ± 0.18 | 1.21 ± 0.16 | 1.21 ± 0.18 | 1.20 ± 0.18 | 0.594 |
eGFR (ml/min per 1.73m2) | 92.9 ± 34.0 | 92.9 ± 33.5 | 96.6 ± 34.8 | 104.9 ± 40.1 | < 0.001 |
AAC (%) | 88 (23.7) | 114 (30.7) | 138 (37.2) | 137 (36.8) | < 0.001 |