Table 1 Comparison of clinical features between different groups
Group | Healthy control | P value1 | Diabetes without neuropathy | P value2 | Diabetes with neuropathy | P value3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case (male/female) | 48/42 | 0.723 | 57/45 | 0.791 | 54/51 | 0.521 |
Age (years) | 51.3 ± 8.0 | 0.749 | 51.0 ± 9.4 | 0.750 | 51.7 ± 7.3 | 0.509 |
Disease course (years) | — | — | 5.5 ± 3.2 | — | 7.9 ± 3.8 | 0.000 |
Smoking (N/Y) | 59/31 | 0.871 | 68/34 | 0.024 | 52/53 | 0.012 |
Education level (years) | 9.9 ± 2.9 | 0.775 | 9.7 ± 2.9 | 0.401 | 9.5 ± 3.0 | 0.568 |
SBP (mmHg) | 122 ± 7 | 0.091 | 124 ± 9 | 0.365 | 123 ± 10 | 0.410 |
DBP (mmHg) | 70 ± 6 | 0.910 | 70 ± 8 | 0.988 | 70 ± 6 | 0.894 |
BMI (kg/m 2) | 24.4 ± 1.5 | 0.490 | 24.5 ± 1.5 | 0.670 | 24.5 ± 1.4 | 0.781 |
FPG (mmol/L) | 4.7 ± 0.5 | 0.000 | 8.2 ± 1.3 | 0.000 | 8.2 ± 1.5 | 0.928 |
HbA1c (%) | 4.8 ± 0.4 | 0.000 | 7.7 ± 1.2 | 0.000 | 8.8 ± 1.9 | 0.000 |
TC (mmol/L) | 4.8 ± 0.6 | 0.297 | 4.9 ± 0.6 | 0.196 | 4.8 ± 0.8 | 0.800 |
LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.6 ± 0.7 | 0.430 | 2.7 ± 0.7 | 0.616 | 2.7 ± 0.9 | 0.762 |
HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 0.243 | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 0.285 | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 0.913 |
ALT (IU/L) | 24 ± 4 | 0.831 | 24 ± 3 | 0.458 | 24 ± 2 | 0.586 |
AST (IU/L) | 22 ± 4 | 0.892 | 22 ± 3 | 0.346 | 21 ± 4 | 0.265 |
Vit B12 (pmol/L) | 531 ± 169 | 0.933 | 534 ± 196 | 0.590 | 546 ± 206 | 0.638 |
UACR (mg/g) | 21.4 ± 2.8 | 0.594 | 21.6 ± 3.3 | 0.962 | 21.4 ± 2.8 | 0.613 |
eGFR [ml/(min·1.73m2)] | 126.8 ± 38.5 | 0.387 | 122.5 ± 27.3 | 0.277 | 121.4 ± 36.5 | 0.823 |
Fib(g/L) | 2.98 ± 0.58 | 0.400 | 3.06 ± 0.51 | 0.000 | 4.38 ± 0.83 | 0.000 |