Table 1 On-presentation Lab tests of the patient (Normal range)

Fasting blood sugar

411 mg/dL (< 100 mg/dL)

Serum ketone

 + 

Creatinine

3.1 mg/dL (0.59–1.04 mg/dL)

Urine drug testing

Opiates + 

Urine analysis:

  pH

5.5

  Color

Dark yellow

  Appearance

Turbid

  Blood

3 + 

  Ketone

1 + 

  Specific gravity

1.026

  Bacteria

Many

  Yeast cells

Many

  Nitrite

Negative

  WBCs

25–30

  RBCs

Many

Urine culture

Candida

Serum lactate:

31 mmol/L (0.5–2.2 mmol/L)

Bilirubin:

  Total

1.8 mg/dL (0.1–1.2 mg/dL)

  Direct

0.5 mg/dL (< 0.3 mg/dL)

Serum Electrolytes:

  Na

144 mEq/L (135–145 mEq/L)

  K

4.5 mEq/L (3,6–5.2 mEq/L)

  Ca

7 mg/dL (8.6–10.3 mg/dL)

  P

2.8 mg/dL (3.4–4.5 mg/dL)

  Mg

2.3 mg/dL (1.7–2.2 mg/dL)

Liver function tests:

  Ast

196 U/L (10–40 U/L)

  Alt

257 U/L (7–56 U/L)

  LDH

2125 IU/L (140–280 IU/L)

  CPK

275 mg/dL (39–308 mg/dL)

  Alkaline phosphatase

382 IU/L (44–137 IU/L)

Complete blood count:

  White blood cells

13.5 × 10⁹/L (4.5–11 × 10⁹/L)

  Hemoglobulin

16.2 mg/dL (13.2–16.6 mg/dL)

  Platelet

363 × 10⁹/L (150–450 × 10⁹/L)

ESR

4 mm/hr (0–22 mm/hr)

CRP

7.7 mg/dL (0.8–1 mg/dL)