Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the participants

Number

214

216

216

AGE (years, mean ± SD)

49.40 ± 11.11

49.81 ± 10.90

48.70 ± 11.47

LDL-C (mmol/L, mean ± SD)

2.72 ± 0.70

2.86 ± 0.71

2.80 ± 0.68

TC (mmol/L, mean ± SD)

4.92 ± 0.90

4.88 ± 0.90

4.71 ± 0.86

ALT (U/L, mean ± SD)

18.66 ± 10.17

23.77 ± 16.71

30.28 ± 18.17

AST (U/L, mean ± SD)

22.26 ± 6.55

23.63 ± 9.57

25.22 ± 8.77

BMI (kg/m², mean ± SD)

22.19 ± 2.84

23.77 ± 3.14

25.60 ± 3.03

SBP (mmHg, mean ± SD)

119.64 ± 16.25

122.72 ± 15.51

127.55 ± 16.39

DBP (mmHg, mean ± SD)

71.01 ± 10.87

74.47 ± 10.67

78.00 ± 11.43

Fasting glucose (mmol/L, mean ± SD)

4.87 ± 0.58

5.09 ± 0.80

5.25 ± 1.22

Uric acid (umol/L, mean ± SD)

310.88 ± 72.25

360.71 ± 88.72

404.25 ± 94.84

SEX (n,%)

 Male

64 (29.91%)

127 (58.80%)

178 (82.41%)

 Female

150 (70.09%)

89 (41.20%)

38 (17.59%)

Smoking status (n,%)

 Nonsmokers

194 (90.65%)

154 (71.63%)

114 (52.78%)

 Occasional smoking

7 (3.27%)

16 (7.44%)

14 (6.48%)

 Smokers

13 (6.01%)

45 (20.93%)

88 (40.74%)

Drinking state (n,%)

 Nondrinkers

151 (70.56%)

113 (525.6%)

84 (38.89%)

 Occasional drinking

44 (20.56%)

62 (28.84%)

79 (36.57%)

Drinkers

19 (8.88%)

40 (18.60%)

53 (24.54%)

Exercise status (n,%)

 Low-intensity group

171 (79.91%)

172 (79.63%)

157 (72.69%)

 Medium-intensity group

29 (13.55%)

25 (11.57%)

33 (15.28%)

 High-intensity group

14 (6.54%)

19 (8.80%)

26 (12.04%)