Table 3 Characteristics of the study participants between low, medium and high adherence of unhealthy dietary pattern

 Age (years)

37.85 ± 7.57 ^{b, c}

37.01 ± 9.13 ^{a, c}

34.69 ± 8.53 ^{a, b}

0.02

0.16

 Height (cm)

161.03 ± 6.52

160.61 ± 5.58

162.24 ± 5.56

0.13

0.56

 Weight (kg)

80.58 ± 11.00

79.65 ± 12.32

81.91 ± 13.27

0.43

0.55

 BMI

31.08 ± 3.93

30.78 ± 4.20

31.29 ± 4.82

0.71

0.60

 RMR measure (kcal/day)

1544.8 ± 255.81

1580.1 ± 276.87

1606.1 ± 243.24

0.26

0.42

 RMR normal (kcal/day)

1709.1 ± 132.13 ^{b, c}

1696.0 ± 143.50 ^{a, c}

1750.8 ± 170.09 ^{a, b}

0.03

0.23

 Deviation normal (%)

−9.72 ± 11.90

−6.85 ± 14.05

−8.20 ± 11.93

0.29

0.29

 V.O2 (L/min)

0.22 ± 0.03

0.22 ± 0.03

0.22 ± 0.03

0.38

0.53

 V.CO2 (L/min)

0.18 ± 0.03

0.19 ± 0.03

0.19 ± 0.03

0.20

0.39

 RQ

0.85 ± 0.04

0.85 ± 0.04

0.85 ± 0.03

0.86

0.73

 RMR/kg (kcal/day/kg)

19.21 ± 2.76

20.13 ± 3.40

19.61 ± 3.11

0.12

0.14

 RMR/BSA (kcal/day/m²)

835.04 ± 110.75

863.53 ± 127.53

858.51 ± 102.79

0.18

0.29

 Protein (kg)

9.16 ± 1.16

9.10 ± 1.07

9.22 ± 1.02

0.75

0.51

 Minerals (kg)

3.22 ± 0.45

3.19 ± 0.40

3.25 ± 0.37

054

0.65

 Body fat mass (kg)

33.66 ± 7.39

33.10 ± 8.64

35.25 ± 9.75

0.20

0.17

 Fat free mass (kg)

46.81 ± 5.95

46.41 ± 5.50

47.12 ± 5.30

0.67

0.29

 Bone mineral content (kg)

2.67 ± 0.38

2.63 ± 0.33

2.69 ± 0.31

0.47

0.66

 Skeletal muscle mass (kg)

25.69 ± 3.53

25.52 ± 3.26

25.82 ± 3.11

0.81

0.17

 Soft lean mass (kg)

44.14 ± 5.58

43.45 ± 5.33

44.41 ± 5.02

0.42

0.33

 Body fat percentage (%)

41.63 ± 4.97

41.03 ± 5.51

41.88 ± 6.08

0.55

0.26

 Waist hip ratio

0.93 ± 0.05

1.86 ± 9.24

0.93 ± 0.05

0.37

0.50

 Waist circumference (cm)

98.89 ± 9.05

98.08 ± 10.34

99.91 ± 10.67

0.44

0.30

 Visceral fat area (cm²)

163.08 ± 34.47

175.56 ± 172.92

166.16 ± 43.84

0.69

0.64

 Visceral fat level

15.64 ± 3.10

16.52 ± 14.02

17.81 ± 19.94

0.56

0.52

 FBS (mg/dl)

85.87 ± 8.11^{b, c}

89.44 ± 11.52 ^{a, c}

87.37 ± 8.84 ^{a, b}

0.05

0.01

 T-Chol (mg/dl)

185.04 ± 35.53

185.85 ± 39.03

184.56 ± 34.54

0.97

0.47

 TG (mg/dl)

122.84 ± 76.18

129.68 ± 74.78

114.73 ± 58.00

0.41

0.38

 HDL-C (mg/dl)

46.75 ± 10.84

46.36 ± 11.65

47.32 ± 10.10

0.85

0.65

 LDL-C (mg/dl)

95.34 ± 23.83

94.81 ± 24.85

94.89 ± 24.22

0.98

0.81

 GOT (UI/L)

17.86 ± 8.01

17.77 ± 6.07

17.83 ± 7.84

0.99

0.83

 GPT (UI/L)

18.53 ± 13.72

19.32 ± 10.98

19.67 ± 14.06

0.84

0.93

 hs-CRP (mg/L)

3.92 ± 4.42

4.45 ± 5.02

4.63 ± 4.55

0.59

0.26