Suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis is associated with the severity of prognosis in hospitalized patients with COVID-19

Table 1 Baseline characteristics according to different thyroid function categories among patients with COVID-19

	NTF	Subclinical hypothyroidism	Severe NTIS	Mild to moderate NTIS	P values
No. of participants	184	17	11	23
Age, years	57.4 (0.99)	63.0 (3.27)	65.4 (4.06)	72.2 (2.81)	< 0.001
Men, %	88 (47.8)	6 (35.3)	6 (54.5)	12 (52.2)	0.696
History of chronic diseases, %
Diabetes	27 (14.7)	2 (11.8)	2 (18.2)	5 (21.7)	0.734
Hypertension	50 (27.2)	6 (35.3)	6 (54.5)	11 (47.8)	0.063
Coronary heart disease	15 (8.2)	1 (5.9)	2 (18.2)	4 (17.4)	0.247
Stroke	3 (1.60)	0 (0.00)	2 (18.2)	4 (17.4)	0.001
Chronic pulmonary disease	12 (6.5)	0 (0.0)	2 (18.2)	0 (0.0)	0.156
Chronic liver disease	4 (2.2)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	1.000
Chronic kidney disease	1 (0.5)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	3 (13.0)	0.011
Cancer	9 (4.9)	1 (5.9)	2 (18.2)	2 (8.7)	0.168
Onset of symptom to, days
Hospital admission	19.9 (0.92)	19.4 (3.17)	15.1 (4.08)	13.9 (2.66)	0.154
Confirmation of COVID-19	11.6 (0.86)	13.5 (2.96)	7.88 (3.80)	8.92 (2.48)	0.495

Data are means (SE) and are adjusted for age and sex unless otherwise indicated percentages. Abbreviations: COVID-19 coronavirus disease 2019, NTF Normal thyroid function, NTIS Non-thyroidal illness syndrome

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