Table 2 Baseline characteristics of study population stratified by nutrient patterns
Variable | Animal sourced | p | Plant sourced | p | Mixed-source | p | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Â | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Â | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Â | |
Age (years) | 41.53 ± 12.28 | 43.18 ± 12.44 | 42.25 ± 11.45 | 42.08 ± 11.64 | 0.69 | 44.34 ± 11.95 | 40.31 ± 11.36 | 42.60 ± 12.28 | 41.78 ± 11.92 | 0.03 | 40.52 ± 12.27 | 41.87 ± 12.09 | 42.93 ± 11.73 | 43.72 ± 11.54 | 0.11 |
Gender (male) | 44(29.9) | 59(40.1) | 76(51.7) | 92(62.6) | 0.01 | 62(42.2) | 68(46.3) | 71(48.6) | 70(47.3) | 0.71 | 77(52) | 60(40.3) | 67(46.9) | 67(45.3) | 0.24 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 27.63 ± 4.36 | 27.30 ± 4.45 | 27.34 ± 5.14 | 27.21 ± 5.27 | 0.89 | 27.02 ± 4.61 | 27.12 ± 4.70 | 27.58 ± 4.60 | 27.78 ± 5.32 | 0.49 | 26.80 ± 5.03 | 26.90 ± 4.63 | 27.28 ± 4.67 | 28.50 ± 4.77 | 0.01 |
Weight (kg) | 72.52 ± 12.81 | 71.78 ± 13.12 | 73.67 ± 11.41 | 75.78 ± 14.54 | 0.04 | 71.03 ± 11.76 | 73.41 ± 13.90 | 74.76 ± 13.81 | 74.67 ± 12.46 | 0.04 | 72.75 ± 14.32 | 72.36 ± 12.46 | 73.33 ± 13.50 | 75.40 ± 11.81 | 0.20 |
Hypertension | 17(11.6) | 23(15.8) | 17(11.6) | 18(12.2) | 0.66 | 27(18.4) | 11(7.5) | 21(14.4) | 16(10.9) | 0.03 | 14(9.5) | 17(11.4) | 25(17.5) | 19(12.8) | 0.21 |
Current smoker 11(7.6) | 16(11.2) | 22(15.2) | 28(19.3) | 0.02 | 26(17.9) | 21(14.5) | 15(10.4) | 15(10.5) | 0.18 | 13(9.1) | 18(12.2) | 19(13.5) | 27(18.6) | 0.11 | |
Physical activity | 0.21 | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.56 | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.75 | ||||
Low | 38(25.9) | 43(29.7) | 51(34.7) | 37(25.2) | Â | 40(27.2) | 35(24) | 44(30.1) | 50(34) | Â | 39(26.4) | 43(28.9) | 42(29.8) | 45(30.4) | Â |
Medium | 48(32.7) | 44(30.3) | 47(32) | 61(41.5) | Â | 55(37.4) | 50(34.2) | 48(32.9) | 47(32) | Â | 58(39.2) | 45(30.2) | 49(34.8) | 48(32.4) | Â |
High | 61(41.5) | 58(40) | 49(33.3) | 49(33.3) | Â | 52(35.4) | 61(41.8) | 54(37) | 50(34) | Â | 51(34.5) | 61(40.9) | 50(35.5) | 55(37.2) | Â |
Marital status | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.83 | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.63 | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.49 |
Married | 137(93.2) | 132(90.4) | 136(92.5) | 135(91.8) | Â | 135(91.1) | 132(89.8) | 135(92.5) | 138(93.9) | Â | 134(91.2) | 134(89.9) | 132(92.3) | 140(94.6) | Â |
Education | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.40 | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.01 | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.04 |
Illiterate | 24(16.3) | 27(18.5) | 23(15.6) | 16(10.9) | Â | 36(24.5) | 18(12.2) | 20(13.7) | 16(10.9) | Â | 11(7.5) | 27(18.1) | 28(9.6) | 24(16.2) | Â |
≤ High school/ diploma 96(65.3) | 100(68.5) | 102(69.4) | 112(76.2) |  | 97(66) | 104(70.7) | 101(69.2) | 108(73.5) |  | 106(72.1) | 101(67.8) | 97(67.8) | 106(71.6) |  | |
≥ College degree 27(18.4) | 19(13) | 22(15) | 19(12.9) |  | 14(9.5) | 25(17) | 25(17.1) | 23(15.6) |  | 30(20.4) | 21(14.1) | 18(12.6) | 18(12.2) |  | |
Energy (Kcal) | 2134 ± 729 | 2773 ± 629 | 3490 ± 605 | 5158 ± 1558 | 0.01 | 2604 ± 1121 | 3120 ± 1290 | 3556 ± 1173 | 4263 ± 1741 | 0.01 | 3519 ± 1427 | 3105 ± 1317 | 3370 ± 1504 | 3548 ± 1634 | 0.03 |
Protein (g) | 94 ± 32 | 131 ± 27 | 175 ± 32 | 278 ± 83 | 0.01 | 133 ± 64 | 155 ± 71 | 176 ± 69 | 214 ± 105 | 0.01 | 173 ± 83 | 158 ± 75 | 172 ± 92 | 175 ± 87 | 0.27 |
Carbohydrate(g) 196 ± 92 | 189 ± 80 | 204 ± 76 | 242 ± 91 | 0.01 | 130 ± 32 | 178 ± 45 | 217 ± 48 | 306 ± 92 | 0.01 | 217 ± 90 | 187 ± 69 | 198 ± 84 | 229 ± 98 | 0.01 | |
Fat(g) | 115 ± 38 | 170 ± 33 | 223 ± 33 | 358 ± 107 | 0.01 | 176 ± 87 | 206 ± 98 | 225 ± 92 | 259 ± 136 | 0.01 | 223 ± 103 | 199 ± 95 | 220 ± 117 | 223 ± 119 | 0.17 |