Table 1 Endocrinological characteristics of ACC and CPA
Variable | Unit | ACC (n = 7) | CPA (n = 25) | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overt Cushing’s syndrome | Subclinical Cushing’s syndrome | Overt Cushing’s syndrome | Subclinical Cushing’s syndrome |  | ||
Number of patients | n (%) | 4 (57%) | 3 (43%) | 11 (44%) | 14 (56%) | NS |
Basal ACTH levels | pg/ml | 2.6 (0–5.97) | 5.5 (2.75–11.6) | 0 (0–0) | 10.05 (1.67–13.67) |  |
Basal cortisol levels | μg/ml | 22.45 (12.7–33.4) | 8 (5.9–10.65) | 17.6 (15.6–18.35) | 11.15 (9.8–13.87) |  |
High testosterone levels relative to normal ranges | n (%) | 3 (43%) | 2 (8%) | < 0.05 | ||
Basal testosterone levels | ng/ml | Male: 2.29 (1.27–3.30) Female: 1.3 (0.36–1.97) | Male: 5.61 (4.42–6.64) Female: 0.19 (0.15–0.26) |  | ||
Age | years | 67 (66–71.5) | 56 (45–63) | < 0.05 | ||
Gender | Male/ Female | 2 / 5 | 4 / 21 | NS | ||
Post-overnight 1 mg dexamethasone suppression serum cortisol | μg/dl | 16.4 (10.65–21.15) | 10.3 (3.87–15.8) | NS | ||
Post-overnight 8 mg dexamethasone suppression serum cortisol | μg/dl | 16.2 (10.6–21.55) | 12.05 (4.75–18.03) | NS | ||
Urinary free cortisol | μg/day | 128.15 (59.63–148) | 71.5 (29.7–267) | NS | ||
Tumor size | mm | 80.5 (61.25–82.5) | 28 (22–33) | < 0.01 | ||
Surgical removal of adrenal tumor | n (%) | 7 (100%) | 20 (80%) | NS | ||
Weiss score |  | 5.5 (5–6.75) | 0 (0–1) | < 0.001 | ||
Ki67-index | % | 23 (20.75–28.25) |  | |||
ENSAT | stage | 3 (2–4) |  | |||
Overall survival | months | 25 (17–50) |  | |||