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Table 1 Demographic, clinical and cognitive performances of patients with T2DM

From: Association between plasma adipsin level and mild cognitive impairment in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study

Characteristic

MCI group(n = 57)

Non-MCI group (n = 69)

p-value

Age (years)

59.98 ± 0.919

58.28 ± 1.035

0.229a

Female, n(%)

28 (49.1%)

27 (39.1%)

0.26c

Education Levels (years)

10 (9–12)

11 (9–12)

0.619b

Smoking, n(%)

18 (31.6%)

25 (36.2%)

0.632c

Drinking, n(%)

11 (19.3%)

18 (26.1%)

0.368c

Hypertension, n (%)

36 (63.2%)

39 (56.5%)

0.45c

SBP (mmHg)

134.81 ± 18.55

135.29 ± 15.79

0.875a

DBP (mmHg)

81.30 ± 11.33

80.10 ± 9.76

0.525a

Hypertension duration (years)

5 (0–12)

3 (0–12)

0.440b

Diabetes duration (years)

10.807 ± 0.686

9.529 ± 0.655

0.182a

Insulin use, n(%)

33 (57.9%)

42 (60.9%)

0.735c

metformin, n(%)

34 (59.6%)

39 (56.5%)

0.432

Glucose fluctuation (mmol/L)

6.55 ± 0.38

6.71 ± 0.36

0.766a

HbA1c (%)

9.72 ± 0.35

8.79 ± 0.25

0.028a

FBG (mmol/L)

8.599 ± 0.34

7.662 ± 0.30

0.041a

@2hPG (mmol/L)

15.15 ± 0.49

14.37 ± 0.48

0.262a

FCP (ug/L)

1.25 (0.63–1.92)

0.779 (0.44–1.4)

0.025b*

HOMA-IR

0.434 (0.227–0.665)

0.251 (0.146–0.472)

0.005 b*

BMI (kg/m2)

24.94 ± 0.44

24.73 ± 0.37

0.723a

Weight (kg)

68.58 ± 1.39

69.60 ± 1.49

0.619a

WC (cm)

90.11 ± 1.14

88.38 ± 1.22

0.310a

HC (cm)

95.61 ± 0.78

94.39 ± 7.25

0.307a

WHR

0.942 ± 0.008

0.937 ± 0.008

0.858a

TG (mmol/L)

1.80 ± 0.85

1.73 ± 0.13

0.72a

TC (mmol/L)

4.77 ± 0.14

4.56 ± 0.13

0.297a

HDL (mmol/L)

1.19 ± 0.05

1.17 ± 0.03

0.889a

LDL (mmol/L)

2.97 ± 0.113

2.82 ± 0.097

0.328a

ApoA1(g/L)

1.09 ± 0.035

1.08 ± 0.030

0.759a

ApoB(g/L)

0.84 ± 0.029

0.815 ± 0.022

0.663a

Fatty liver, n(%)

29 (50.9%)

28 (40.6%)

0.248c

Adipsin (μg/ml)

13.532 ± 0.948

10.4274 ± 0.877

0.018a*

Neuropsychological test scores

 MOCA

23 (20–24)

27 (27–28)

< 0.001b**

 MMSE

26 (23–28)

29 (28–30)

< 0.001b**

 CDT

3 (2–4)

4 (3–4)

0.032b*

 DST

10.49 ± 0.27

10.49 ± 0.221

< 0.001a**

 VFT

14.25 ± 0.421

16.59 ± 0.425

< 0.001a**

 TMTA

66 (53–84)

52 (45–57)

< 0.001b**

 TMTB

198.28 ± 11.881

139.96 ± 5.737

< 0.001a**

 SCWT A(time)

33 (28–38)

28 (24–35)

0.013b*

 SCWT A (number)

50 (50–50)

50 (50–50)

0.03b*

 SCWT B(time)

57 (46–62)

43 (36–49)

< 0.001b*

 SCWT B (number)

48 (46–50)

50 (49–50)

< 0.001b**

 SCWT C(time)

109 (82–123)

82 (71–89)

< 0.001b**

 SCWT C (number)

44 (42–47)

48 (46–50)

< 0.001b**

 AVLT immediate

15.74 ± 0.698

18.93 ± 0.456

< 0.001a**

 AVLT delayed

5 (3–6)

6 (5–7)

< 0.001b**

 LMT

6.16 ± 0.558

10.12 ± 0.537

< 0.001a**

  1. Significance, *p<0.05; **p < 0.01
  2. Data are presented as n (%), mean ± SE, or median (interquartile range) as appropriate
  3. a Student’s t test for comparison of normally distributed quantitative variables between MCI group and N-MCI group
  4. b Mann-Whitney U test for comparison of asymmetrically distributed quantitative variables between MCI group and N-MCI group
  5. c χ2 test for comparison of qualitative variables between MCI group and N-MCI group
  6. Abbreviations: MCI, mild cognitive impairment; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, Diastolic blood pressure; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; FBG, fasting blood-glucose; 2hPG, 2-h postprandial blood glucose; FCP, fasting C-peptide; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference;HC, hip circumference; TG, triglyceride; TC, total cholesterol; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; ApoA1, apolipoprotein A1; ApoB, apolipoprotein B; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; MMSE, Mini-mental State Examination; CDT, Clock Drawing Test; DST, Digit Span Test; VFT, Verbal Fluency Test; TMT-A, Trail Making Test-A; TMT-B, Trail Making Test-B; SCWT, Stroop Color Word Test; AVLT, Auditory Verbal Learning Test; LMT, Logical Memory Test
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BMC Endocrine Disorders

ISSN: 1472-6823

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