Table 1 Clinical, anthropometrical and biochemical data by groups

BMI (kg/m²)

27.9 ± 3.4

27.4 ± 4.5

27.2 ± 2.5

WHtR

0.59 ± 0.08

0.59 ± 0.11

0.59 ± 0.10

CRP (mg/l)

0.0(0.0-0.0)

0.0(0.0-0.0)

0.0(0.0-0.25)

Creatinine (μmol/l)

76.3 ± 5.1

80.9 ± 11.7

80.8 ± 8.5

Urea (mmol/l)

5.2(4.3-6.3)

4.7(4.0-5.9)

5.1(4.3-6.0)

Glucose (mmol/l)

4.9 ± 0.4

6.0 ± 0.4

9.5 ± 2.6

HbA1C (%)

4.1 ± 0.5

6.2 ± 0.1

9.1 ± 2.1

Serum iron (μmol/l)

16.6 ± 5.4

19.4 ± 5.9

18 ± 6.1

TIBC (μmol/l)

49.3 ± 4.6

51.0 ± 7.6

51 ± 7.1

UIBC (μmol/l)

32.7 ± 3.0

31.7 ± 3.1

33.0 ± 2.4

TS (%)

33.1 ± 8.8

37.2 ± 6.8

34.4 ± 8.4

Hgb (g/dl)

14.2 ± 1.4

14.4 ± 1.5

13.9 ± 1.4

Hepcidin (ng/ml)

46.3 ± 11.8

28.6 ± 10.8

41.8 ± 11.9

Ferritin (ng/ml)

130.5(39.9-156.7)

152.5(104.1-162.4)

143.9(91.1-155.8)

YKL-40 (ng/ml)

75.1(55.5-146.1)

70.8(43.8-127.0)

58.4(44.3-82.2)

HR (bpm)

65.5(65-68)

70.5(64-74.5)

78(74-84)

SBP (mmHg)

120(120-130)

130(120-135)

140(130-150)

DBP (mmHg)

80(80-84)

90(80-91)

100(90-111)