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Table 4 Direct and indirect costs of insulin therapy in trial arms reported in USD

From: Biphasic insulin Aspart 30 vs. NPH plus regular human insulin in type 2 diabetes patients; a cost-effectiveness study

  

Trial arms

Type of cost

Subcategory

BIAsp 30 (n = 82)

NPH/Reg Insulin (n = 82)

P value

Direct costs

Laboratory

55.3 ± 12.9

51.1 ± 11.1

0.732

 

Medications

225.8 ± 41.7

60.5 ± 22.6

0.024

 

Clinical visits

55.9 ± 13.8

56.2 ± 9.3

0.815

 

Inpatient

235.4 ± 51.8

535.9 ± 37.8

0.009

 

Non-medical

17.7 ± 4.9

22.0 ± 4.2

0.332

Indirect costs

Productivity loss

340.4 ± 42.2

375.4 ± 70.3

0.271

Total

 

930.5 ± 81.4

1101.3 ± 165.5

0.004

  1. Abbreviations: USD U.S. dollars, BIAsp biphasic insulin aspart 30, NPH/Reg NPH plus regular human insulin