Table 1 Demographic characteristics (N = 404)
Variables | N (%) |
|---|---|
Gender | Â |
 Male | 181 (44.8) |
 Female | 223 (55.2) |
Age(years) | Â |
 < 65 | 136 (33.7) |
 ≥ 65 | 268 (66.3) |
Educational levels | Â |
 ≤ Primary school | 331 (81.9) |
 ≥ Secondary school | 73 (18.1) |
Area of residence | Â |
 Plain region | 224 (55.4) |
 Sea coastal region | 67 (16.6) |
 Mountainous region | 113 (28.0) |
Regular taking medication | Â |
 Yes | 363 (89.9) |
 No | 41 (10.1) |
Glycemic control* | Â |
 Only OAD | 377 (94.0) |
 OAD combined insulin | 24 ( 6.0) |
Glycemic control-diet | Â |
 Yes | 240 (59.4) |
 No | 164 (40.6) |
Glycemic control-exercise | Â |
 Yes | 198 (49.0) |
 No | 206 (51.0) |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | Â |
 Normal (≤130 mmHg) | 121 (30.0) |
 Abnormal (>130 mmHg) | 283 (70.0) |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | Â |
 Normal (≤80 mmHg) | 236 (58.4) |
 Abnormal (>80 mmHg) | 168 (41.6) |
Fasting blood glucose (mg/dl)* | Â |
 Normal (<130) | 141 (39.7) |
 Abnormal (≥130) | 214 (60.3) |
HbA1c* | Â |
 Normal (<7%) | 117 (32.9) |
 Abnormal (≥7%) | 238 (67.1) |
Waist circumference (cm) | Â |
 Normal (male ≤ 90, female ≤ 80) | 121 (30.0) |
 Obesity (male > 90, female > 80) | 283 (70.0) |
Body mass index (BMI) | Â |
 Normal (<24) | 98 (24.2) |
 Overweight (24 ~ 27) | 147 (36.4) |
 Obesity (>27) | 159 (39.4) |
Have you received foot examination before? | Â |
 Yes | 40 (9.9) |
 No | 384 (90.1) |
Smoking habit# | Â |
 Current users and cessation | 105 (26.0) |
 Never user | 299 (74.0) |
Michigan neuropathy screening index* | Â |
 ≤2.0 | 247 (65.5) |
 ≥2.5 | 130 (34.5) |
Ankle brachial pressure index (ABI) | Â |
 Normal (0.9 ~ 1.3) | 335 (82.9) |
 Abnormal (<0.9 & >1.3)** | 69 (17.1) |