Recent advances in the molecular mechanisms determining tissue sensitivity to glucocorticoids: novel mutations, circadian rhythm and ligand-induced repression of the human glucocorticoid receptor

Table 1 Expected clinical manifestations in tissue-specific glucocorticoid resistance or hypersensitivity

Target tissue	Glucocorticoid hypersensitivity = Glucocorticoid excess	Glucocorticoid resistance = Glucocorticoid deficiency
Central nervous system	Insomnia, anxiety, depression, defective cognition	Fatigue, somnolence, malaise, defective cognition
Liver	+ Gluconeogenesis, + lipogenesis	Hypoglycemia, resistance to diabetes mellitus
Fat	Accumulation of visceral fat (metabolic syndrome)	Loss of weight, resistance to weight gain
Blood vessels	Hypertension	Hypotension
Bone	Stunted growth, osteoporosis
Inflammation/immunity	Immune suppression, anti-inflammation, vulnerability to certain infections and tumors	+ Inflammation, + autoimmunity, + allergy

ISSN: 1472-6823