Fasting insulin sensitivity indices are not better than routine clinical variables at predicting insulin sensitivity among Black Africans: a clamp study in sub-Saharan Africans

Sobngwi, Eugene; Kengne, Andre-Pascal; Echouffo-Tcheugui, Justin B; Choukem, Simeon; Sobngwi-Tambekou, Joelle; Balti, Eric V; Pearce, Mark S; Siaha, Valentin; Mamdjokam, Aissa S; Effoe, Valery; Lontchi-Yimagou, Eric; Donfack, Oliver T; Atogho-Tiedeu, Barbara; Boudou, Philippe; Gautier, Jean-Francois; Mbanya, Jean-Claude

doi:10.1186/1472-6823-14-65

Table 1 Characteristics of the subjects by sex and BMI categories

From: Fasting insulin sensitivity indices are not better than routine clinical variables at predicting insulin sensitivity among Black Africans: a clamp study in sub-Saharan Africans

	Men					Women					p gender and BMI interaction
	Lean	Overweight	Obese	p Kruskal Wallis	p linearity	Lean	Overweight	Obese	p Kruskal Wallis	p linearity	p gender and BMI interaction
N	23	18	10			14	9	13
Age (years)	33.1 ± 11.4	36.9 ± 9.3	38.3 ± 9.7	0.23	0.15	31.3 ± 12.9	35.3 ± 16.0	34.2 ± 10.7	0.70	0.56	0.91
BMI ( kg/m2)	22.1 ± 1.4	27.7 ± 1.7	35.3 ± 7.4	<0.001	<0.001	23.0 ± 1.4	27.7 ± 1.5	36.3 ± 5.9	<0.001	<0.001	0.86
Percent fat (%)	14.2 ± 3.6	23.2 ± 6.3	33.6 ± 9.6	<0.001	<0.001	26.6 ± 6.0	32.5 ± 8.0	40.8 ± 5.3	<0.001	<0.001	0.28
Waist circumference (cm)	76.0 ± 4.5	92.8 ± 8.4	109.0 ± 12.8	<0.001	<0.001	78.0 ± 6.7	85.4 ± 7.7	102.6 ± 11.4	<0.001	<0.001	0.09
Hip circumference (cm)	87.1 ± 5.9	97.2 ± 6.1	117.1 ± 15.1	<0.001	<0.001	92.0 ± 9.1	106.9 ± 9.7	119.8 ± 13.3	<0.001	<0.001	0.59
Waist-to-hip ratio	0.89 ± 0.03	0.93 ± 0.04	0.92 ± 0.05	0.12	0.10	0.85 ± 0.06	0.80 ± 0.04	0.88 ± 0.08	0.04	0.40	0.04
Waist-to-height ratio	0.44 ± 0.03	0.53 ± 0.05	0.63 ± 0.09	<0.001	<0.001	0.48 ± 0.05	0.52 ± 0.04	0.63 ± 0.07	<0.001	<0.001	0.10
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	122 ± 20	131 ± 21	129 ± 10	0.04	0.22	123 ± 22	117 ± 17	125 ± 6	0.29	0.91	0.34
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	72 ± 9	76 ± 11	84 ± 6	0.006	0.002	75 ± 9	71 ± 6	77 ± 5	0.09	0.47	0.11
Total cholesterol (mg/L)	160 ± 43	210 ± 63	275 ± 45	0.002	<0.001	154 ± 61	182 ± 77	235 ± 55	0.02	0.009	0.67
Triglycerides (mg/L)	50 ± 17	57 ± 20	71 ± 47	0.42	0.17	54 ± 14	47 ± 15	71 ± 43	0.22	0.19	0.80
HDL cholesterol (mg/L)	48 ± 18	63 ± 21	70 ± 32	0.37	0.07	47 ± 20	39 ± 11	58 ± 23	0.10	0.22	0.37
LDL cholesterol (mg/L)	102 ± 40	136 ± 54	191 ± 80	0.02	0.006	96 ± 48	133 ± 81	163 ± 64	0.07	0.03	0.82
Fasting glucose (mmol/L)	4.56 ± 0.58	4.42 ± 0.55	4.93 ± 0.56	0.14	0.21	4.46 ± 0.50	4.85 ± 0.70	4.56 ± 043	0.20	0.61	0.04
2 h glucose (mmol/L)	5.46 ± 1.24	5.26 ± 1.00	8.17 ± 3.40	0.002	0.003	6.36 ± 1.21	6.67 ± 1.68	7.02 ± 1.14	0.48	0.25	0.05
Fasting insulin (mU/L)	4.66 ± 2.56	5.71 ± 4.39	8.95 ± 3.60	0.01	0.007	6.72 ± 2.69	9.56 ± 5.94	7.38 ± 3.26	0.44	0.59	0.06
Euglycaemic clamp
M unadjusted (mg.min⁻¹.kg⁻¹)	10.0 ± 2.7	7.5 ± 2.4	5.2 ± 1.8	<0.001	<0.001	8.4 ± 2.2	7.6 ± 2.8	6.1 ± 1.7	0.02	0.01	0.13
M adjusted to lean mass (mg.min⁻¹.kg⁻¹)	11.6 ± 2.9	9.8 ± 3.3	7.8 ± 2.9	0.004	0.001	11.5 ± 2.7	11.1 ± 3.4	10.4 ± 3.1	0.70	0.35	0.27
Fasting indices
Plasma insulin (mUI/mL)	4.7 ± 2.6	5.7 ± 4.4	8.9 ± 3.6	0.01	0.007	6.7 ± 2.7	9.6 ± 5.9	7.4 ± 3.3	0.44	0.59	0.06
Glucose/Insulin ratio (mmol/mUI)	25.5 ± 18.7	21.6 ± 13.3	11.6 ± 4.9	0.03	0.07	15.7 ± 12.0	13.6 ± 12.1	14.0 ± 6.8	0.50	0.69	0.30
HOMA-IR	0.95 ± 0.57	1.11 ± 0.89	2.00 ± 0.93	0.009	0.004	1.33 ± 0.56	2.08 ± 1.32	1.53 ± 0.65	0.34	0.47	0.02
FIRI	0.85 ± 0.51	1.01 ± 0.80	1.80 ± 0.84	0.009	0.004	1.20 ± 0.50	1.88 ± 1.19	1.37 ± 0.58	0.34	0.47	0.02
QUICKI	0.30 ± 0.15	0.19 ± 0.10	0.11 ± 0.03	0.01	0.10	0.15 ± 0.08	0.13 ± 0.08	0.13 ± 0.03	0.37	0.46	0.32

BMI: body mass index; HDL: high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL: low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA-IR: Homeostasis Model Assessment for insulin resistance; FIRI: fasting insulin resistance index; QUICKI: quantitative insulin sensitivity check index.

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