Table 2 Study results
Author, Year | Adepu (2010)[19] | Grant (2003)[20] | Mehuys (2011)[9] | Obreli-Neto (2011)[21] | Odegard (2005)[22] | Phumipamorn (2008)[23] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Study type | RCT | RCT | Cluster-RCT | RCT | RCT | RCT |
Country/Setting | South India/Medicine Outpatient Department Tertiary care teaching hospital | USA/Academically affiliated community health center | Belgium/Community pharmacies | Brazil/Public Primary Health Care Unit | USA/University of Washington Medicine Clinics | Thailand/Community Hospital |
Population (IG/CG) | n = 227 | 62/58 | 153/135 | 97/97 | 39/27 | 63/67 |
Age (IG/CG) | >57 | 64 ± 12/69 ± 10 | 62 (45-79)/63 (40-84) | 65 ± 5.8/65 ± 5.7 | 52 ± 11.6/52 ± 10.4 | 52 ± 11.15/56 ± 13.67 |
Sex (IG/CG) | 49% female | 55%/69% female | 54%/51% male | 63%/62% female | 48%/48% female | 92%/76% female |
Intervention | Education (Baseline, every 30 days for a period of 3 months) | Educational telephone interview + social services/nutrition consultation (Baseline, 3 months) | Education & Reminders about annual eye and foot examinations (Baseline, at each prescription refill visit for a period of 6 months) | Usual care + individual follow-up attendances & educative group activities (every 6 months for period of 36 months) | Diabetes care plan DCP) & Weekly in person/telephone meetings & monthly follow-up phone calls (6-month intervention, follow-up at month 6 and 12) | Usual care & 4 scheduled meetings with a pharmacist (every 2 months) & education |
Control | Education (month 3) | Educational telephone interview | Usual care | Usual care | Usual care | Usual care |
Definition adherence | Average change in adherence (0-4 scale) | Amount of missed medication in the last 7Â days (change from baseline) | Proportion of doses taken (%) | Proportion of doses taken (%) | Proportion of missed doses (%) | Proportion of doses taken (%) |
Adherence measure | Self-reported adherence | Self-reported adherence | Prescription refill rate & self-reported adherence | Self-reported adherence & periodicity of prescription pickup | Self-reported adherence | Pill count |
Adherence (IG/CG) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Baseline | 0.73/1.11 | 6.7/6.9 | NR | 51/49 | 56/35 | 82/87 |
53/53 | ||||||
Final (%) | 0.88/0.67 | 0.1/0.1 (change from baseline) | 99.7/94.7 (prescription refill rate) | 84/44 (self-reported adherence) | IG < CG | 89/85 |
p = NR | p = 0.8 | p = NR | 84/43 (periodicity of prescription pickup) | p = 0.003 | p = 0.004 | |
61/62 (self-reported adherence) | p = NR | |||||
p = NR |