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Table 4 Odds ratio, 95% confidence interval and prevalence of chronic diseases comparing the higher quartiles with the lowest quartile of blood Mn level after adjusting covariates (Q1 vs Q2–4) a

From: Association of blood manganese level with diabetes and renal dysfunction: a cross-sectional study of the Korean general population

Parameter

Odds ratio (95% confidence interval)

Prevalence (%, SE)

 

Unadjusted

Adjusted

Q1

Q2-4

P value

Diabetes

0.68 (0.50, 0.94)

0.65 (0.46, 0.92)b

7.6 (0.9)

5.3 (0.5)

0.02b

Renal dysfunction

0.65 (0.46, 0.92)

0.62 (0.41, 0.92)c

6.8 (1.0)

4.6 (0.5)

0.02c

Hypertension

1.03 (0.85, 1.24)

1.15 (0.93, 1.42)d

25.6 (1.6)

26.2 (1.0)

0.77d

IHD

1.00 (0.46, 2.16)

1.04 (0.45, 2.40)c

1.2 (0.4)

1.2 (0.2)

0.99c

Stroke

1.03 (0.48, 2.20)

1.11 (0.51, 2.42)c

0.8 (0.2)

0.8 (0.2)

0.94c

  1. IHD = ischemic heart disease.
  2. aBlood manganese quartiles (μg/dL): Q1 ≤ 1.059, Q2 1.060 - 1.277, Q3 1.278 - 1.559, Q4 ≥ 1.560.
  3. badjusted for age, sex, body mass index and hypertension.
  4. cadjusted for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes and hypertension.
  5. dadjusted for age, sex, body mass index and diabetes.