Table 2 Anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical characteristics of patient sample: distribution by gender in diabetic (n = 247) and non-diabetic (n = 2212) individuals
Women (1308/128) | Men (904/119) | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | |||
• Non-diabetic | 47.6 ± 15.9 | 48.2 ± 16.0 | 47.9 ± 15.9 |
• Diabetic | 64.4 ± 10.7 | 62.4 ± 10.8 | 63.4 ± 10.7 |
Waist circumference (cm) | |||
• Non-diabetic*** | 86.8 ± 13.2 | 96.3 ± 11.3 | 90.6 ± 13.3 |
• Diabetic* | 101.5 ± 13.5 | 105.0 ± 11.4 | 103.1 ± 12.5 |
BMI (kg/m2) | |||
• Non-diabetic*** | 26.9 ± 5.4 | 27.8 ± 4.5 | 27.3 ± 5.1 |
• Diabetic*** | 32.2 ± 5.6 | 29.4 ± 4.4 | 31.1 ± 5.2 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | |||
• Non-diabetic*** | 125.4 ± 21.0 | 135.8 ± 19.0 | 129.6 ± 20.8 |
• Diabetic | 145.9 ± 21.1 | 148.6 ± 21.2 | 147.3 ± 21.1 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | |||
• Non-diabetic*** | 76.6 ± 11.0 | 81.1 ± 11.4 | 78.4 ± 11.4 |
• Diabetic | 82.1 ± 11.7 | 82.1 ± 10.7 | 82.1 ± 11.2 |
Triglycerides (mmol l-1) | |||
• Non-diabetic*** | 1.0 ± 0.6 | 1.3 ± 0.9 | 1.1 ± 0.7 |
• Diabetic | 1.5 ± 0.8 | 1.9 ± 1.9 | 1.7 ± 1.4 |
HDL-Cholesterol (mmol/L) | |||
• Non-diabetic*** | 2.0 ± 0.5 | 1.7 ± 0.4 | 1.9 ± 0.5 |
• Diabetic** | 1.7 ± 0.4 | 1.6 ± 0.4 | 1.8 ± 0.4 |
Fasting insulin (U/l) | |||
• Non-diabetic** | 7.7 ± 4.6 | 8.5 ± 5.2 | 8.0 ± 4.9 |
• Diabetic | 11.9 ± 6.2 | 10.9 ± 6.5 | 11.4 ± 6.3 |
Fasting plasma glucose (mmol l-1) | |||
• Non-diabetic*** | 4.9 ± 0.6 | 5.1 ± 0.6 | 5.0 ± 0.6 |
• Diabetic* | 7.8 ± 2.4 | 8.1 ± 2.5 | 8.0 ± 2.5 |
HOMA-IR (units) | |||
• Non-diabetic | 1.9 ± 1.0 | 2.1 ± 1.2 | 2.0 ± 1.1 |
• Diabetic* | 1.9 ± 1.0 | 1.7 ± 1.1 | 1.9 ± 1.1 |
Metabolic syndrome | |||
ATPIII** | 11.1% (159) | 14.9% (152) | 12.7% (311) |
• Non-diabetic** | 7.6% (99) | 11.1% (100) | 9.0% (199) |
• Diabetic | 46.9% (60) | 43.7% (52) | 45.3% (112) |
IDF*** | 12.1% (174) | 19.2% (196) | 15.0% (370) |
• Non-diabetic*** | 8.7% (114) | 14.9% (135) | 11.3% (249) |
• Diabetic | 46.9% (60) | 51.3% (61) | 49.0% (121) |