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Table 5 Biochemical variables of study participants by tertile of low FODMAP

From: Investigation of the association between habitual dietary FODMAP intake, metabolic parameters, glycemic status, and anthropometric features among apparently healthy overweight and obese individuals

Variable

Tertile of Low FODMAP

1st (N=112)

2nd (N=111)

3rd (N=112)

OR(CI)

P-value

OR(CI)

P-value

SBP (mmHg)

 Model I

1 REF

1.008 (0.992–1.025)

0.30

1.004 (0.989–1.021)

0.58

 Model II

1.005 (0.988–1.023)

0.58

0.999 (0.982–1.016)

0.92

 Model III

1.007 (0.976–1.039)

0.67

0.990 (0.956–1.026)

0.59

DBP (mmHg)

 Model I

1 REF

1.020 (0.997–1.043)

0.09

1.002 (0.980–1.025)

0.83

 Model II

1.017 (0.993–1.042)

0.17

0.998 (0.975–1.022)

0.86

 Model III

1.031 (0.992–1.072)

0.12

1.027 (0.984–1.071)

0.22

FBS (mg/dl)

 Model I

1 REF

1.006 (0.990–1.022)

0.46

1.009 (0.994–1.025)

0.23

 Model II

1.005 (0.989–1.022)

0.54

1.008 (0.992–1.024)

0.31

 Model III

1.006 (0.979–1.033)

0.66

1.009 (0.981–1.037)

0.54

TC (mg/dl)

 Model I

1 REF

1.000 (0.993–1.007)

0.98

0.997 (0.990–1.004)

0.42

 Model II

1.015 (0.985–1.045)

0.335

0.996 (0.989–1.004)

0.33

 Model III

1.006 (0.993–1.018)

0.38

1.004 (0.991–1.018)

0.51

TG (mg/dl)

 Model I

1 REF

1.002 (0.999–1.005)

0.19

0.999 (0.996–1.002)

0.44

 Model II

1.000 (0.997–1.004)

0.32

0.998 (0.994–1.001)

0.16

 Model III

1.007 (0.999–1.015)

0.10

1.004 (0.996–1.013)

0.30

HDL (mg/dl)

 Model I

1 REF

0.997 (0.970–1.025)

0.82

0.997 (0.970–1.025)

0.83

 Model II

1.000 (0.972–1.028)

0.97

1.004 (0.976–1.033)

0.76

 Model III

0.990 (0.945–1.036)

0.65

0.999 (0.950–1.050)

0.95

LDL (mg/dl)

 Model I

1 REF

0.990 (0.954–1.028)

0.60

1.002 (0.976–1.030)

0.85

 Model II

0.997 (0.989–1.005)

0.51

0.993 (0.985–1.002)

0.11

 Model III

1.003 (0.990–1.017)

0.62

1.003 (0.989–1.018)

0.68

Insulin (mIU/l)

 Model I

1 REF

1.011 (0.988–1.035)

0.34

0.975 (0.944–1.007)

0.12

 Model II

1.011 (0.987–1.037)

0.37

0.978 (0.946–1.011)

0.19

 Model III

0.986 (0.942–1.032)

0.55

0.959 (0.910–1.011)

0.12

HOMA-IR

 Model I

1 REF

1.047 (0.953–1.151)

0.33

0.941 (0.834–1.062)

0.32

 Model II

1.047 (0.947–1.157)

0.36

0.950 (0.840–1.075)

0.41

 Model III

0.956 (0.809–1.129)

0.59

0.918 (0.758–1.112)

0.38

QUICKI

 Model I

1 REF

0.007 (8.253E-7–52.461)

0.27

6.835 (.002–28120.029)

0.65

 Model II

0.005 (5.607E-7–42.133)

0.25

3.065 (.001–16848.704)

0.79

 Model III

0.030 (1.213E-8–73209.130)

0.64

26.691 (6.507E-6–109485962.649)

0.67

  1. The multivariate multinomial logistic regression was used for estimation of ORs and confidence interval (CI). Model I: crude, Model II: adjusted for age and sex, Model III: adjusted for age, BMI, sex, SES, physical activity and energy intake
  2. SBP Systolic Blood Pressure, DBP Diastolic Blood Pressure, TC Total Cholesterol, TG Triglyceride, HDL-C High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, LDL-C Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, HOMA-IR Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance, QUICKI Quantitative Insulin sensitivity Check Index, OR Odds ratio, CI Confidence interval
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