Table 2 Type of interventions and inclusion criteria
The study, Author (publish year) | Follow up (year) | Intervention | Control | Diagnostic criteria | Subject type | Evaluated outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DPP, Knowler, W. C [10] (2002) | 2.8 | The lifestyle modification program contained 16 individual counselling sessions on diet, exercise, and behaviour modification over 24 weeks. Goals were 7% weight loss and ≥ 150 min physical activity per week. Maintenance: subsequent individual sessions (usually monthly) and group sessions (the Diabetes Prevention Program) | The Metformin group received 850 mg twice daily | ADA 1997 | Perdiabetes with IGT and IFG | Diabetes incidence, weight, BMI, FPG |
IDPP1, Ramachandran, A [11]. (2006) | 3 | The lifestyle modification group encouraged to exercise 30 min/per day and improve their diet during monthly phone calls and in person every six months | The Metformin group received 250 mg of Metformin twice daily | WHO 1999 | Prediabetes with IGT | Diabetes incidence |
D-CLIP, Weber, M. B [13] (2016) | 2.54 | Weekly classes included 16 core intervention classes on active lifestyle changes in months 0–4, followed by 8 maintenance classes in months 5–6. participants had two study goals: 7% weight loss and 150 min weekly of moderate-intensity exercise Plus metformin at a dose of 500 mg twice daily | A single day with one-on-one visits with a physician, a dietitian, and a fitness trainer and one group class on diabetes prevention | ADA 2003 | overweight or obese prediabetes with iIGT or iIFG or IGT & IFG | Diabetes incidence |
Lu, Y. H. et al. [12] (2011) | 2 | Intervention participants received lifestyle coaching in person every 3 months and by phone monthly and those with IFG received metformin 250 mg 3 times daily | Received basic education and usual care | ADA 2003 | Prediabetes with IGT or IFG | Diabetes incidence |
PREVENT-DM, O'Brien, M. J [14]. (2016) | 1 | Intensive lifestyle interventions (ILI) were adapted from the Diabetes Prevention Program’s ILI and delivered by community health workers (promotoras) over 24 sessions | The Metformin group received metformin 850 mg twice daily | impaired fasting glucose (fasting plasma glucose of 100–125 mg/dl), elevated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of 5.7%–6.4% | Latinas prediabetes | Diabetes incidence, weight, BMI, FPG, HbA1c |