Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study population according to glucometabolic state

Male, %

63 (52.07)

63 (51.22)

57 (53.77)

0.927

0.806

Age, years

53.83 ± 11.26

53.56 ± 11.55

53.68 ± 11.13

0.983

0.917

Height, cm

160.06 ± 8.55

160.24 ± 9.02

161.43 ± 10.29

0.489

0.275

Weight, kg

59.91 ± 10.93

63.46 ± 11.09

67.88 ± 13.54^*#

< 0.001

< 0.001

BMI, kg/m²

23.25 ± 3.05

24.66 ± 3.51^*

25.95 ± 4.02^*#

< 0.001

< 0.001

Waistline, cm

81.52 ± 8.97

84.68 ± 7.91^*

88.50 ± 11.01^*#

< 0.001

< 0.001

Hipline, cm

93.90 ± 6.67

95.62 ± 5.85

98.08 ± 7.76^*#

< 0.001

< 0.001

WHR

0.87 ± 0.06

0.89 ± 0.06

0.90 ± 0.07^*

< 0.001

< 0.001

SBP, mmHg

121.57 ± 12.83

123.41 ± 12.77

126.37 ± 19.94^*

0.062

0.020

DBP, mmHg

73.75 ± 8.47

74.99 ± 8.03

78.29 ± 12.08^*#

0.001

< 0.001

TC, mmol/L

5.26 ± 0.92

5.46 ± 0.99

5.57 ± 1.10

0.070

0.023

TG, mmol/L

1.16 (0.85, 1.62)

1.32 (0.93, 1.92)

1.67 (1.22, 2.52)

< 0.001

< 0.001

HDL-C, mmol/L

1.46 ± 0.39

1.49 ± 0.45

1.49 ± 0.73

0.864

0.622

LDL-C, mmol/L

3.19 ± 0.74

3.29 ± 0.81

3.28 ± 0.96

0.664

0.462

FPG, mmol/L

4.77 ± 0.43

5.29 ± 0.63^*

7.70 ± 2.85^*#

< 0.001

< 0.001

HbA1c, %

5.29 ± 0.27

5.82 ± 0.32^*

7.27 ± 1.69^*#

< 0.001

< 0.001

FGF-21, pg/mL

146.6 (95.5, 247.3)

160.6 (104.3, 246.3)

257.8 (159.8, 339.2) ^*

0.004

< 0.001