Table 4 Age-adjusted and multivariable analysis of a number of baseline co-variables and incident diabetes mellitus in the Nakuru eye disease cohort study
Study sample, n = 2056 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No at risk of diabetes mellitus | Incident diabetes mellitus | Risk per 1000/6 years (95% CI) | Age adjusted risk ratio (95% CI) | Multivariable adjusted risk ratio (95% CI)a | |
Age | |||||
50–59 | 937 | 61 | 67.1 (52.2–85.8) | Baseline | Baseline |
60–69 | 654 | 41 | 64.7 (46.3–89.5) | 0.96 (0.64–1.45) | 1.10 (0.74–1.63) |
70–79 | 331 | 17 | 52.6 (33.0–82.7) | 0.78 (0.47–1.30) | 1.05 (0.64–1.72) |
80+ | 134 | 4 | 25.8 (9.6–67.5) | 0.38 (0.14–1.05) | 0.58 (0.21–1.59) |
Gender | |||||
Male | 967 | 54 | 58.6 (44.7–76.4) | Baseline | – |
Female | 1089 | 69 | 63.0 (48.8–81.0) | 1.06 (0.74–1.51) | – |
BMI (5 missing values) | |||||
Underweight | 260 | 5 | 17.5 (6.1–49.2) | Baseline | Baseline |
Normal | 1050 | 29 | 27.4 (18.5–40.4) | 1.54 (0.50–4.79) | 1.54 (0.50–4.79) |
Overweight | 465 | 54 | 120.4 (91.6–156.8) | 6.69 (2.26–19.81) | 6.69 (2.26–19.81) |
Obese | 276 | 34 | 123.3 (85.9–173.8) | 6.83 (2.28–20.49) | 6.83 (2.28–20.49) |
Location | |||||
Rural | 1571 | 79 | 48.6 (39.2–60.1) | Baseline | – |
Urban | 485 | 44 | 87.0 (63.5–118.2) | 1.75 (1.20–2.56) | – |
SES Quartile (9 missing values) | |||||
Lower | 504 | 15 | 28.9 (17.9–46.5) | Baseline | – |
Lower middle | 576 | 26 | 46.8 (31.4–69.3) | 1.59 (0.87–2.89) | – |
Upper middle | 520 | 40 | 75.4 (54.7–103.2) | 2.54 (1.47–4.36) | – |
Upper | 447 | 41 | 94.3 (71.7–123.1) | 3.12 (1.80–5.40) | – |
Smoker | |||||
Never | 1426 | 88 | 62.6 (49.9–78.2) | Baseline | – |
Former | 161 | 4 | 31.4 (9.4–100.2) | 0.50 (0.15–1.63) | – |
Current | 469 | 31 | 66.8 (47.8–92.7) | 1.08 (0.73–1.62) | – |
Hypertension (7 missing values) | |||||
No | 1084 | 44 | 43.3 (31.6–59.2) | Baseline | – |
Yes | 965 | 78 | 80.3 (64.1–100.3) | 1.94 (1.33–2.82) | – |
Alcohol (3 missing values) | |||||
Never | 835 | 60 | 73.0 (55.6–95.2) | Baseline | – |
Former | 891 | 42 | 47.5 (35.3–63.7) | 0.68 (0.46–1.00) | – |
Current | 327 | 20 | 66.7 (41.8–104.9) | 0.94 (0.55–1.61) | – |
Ethnic group | |||||
Kikuyu | 1308 | 86 | 68.2 (53.5–86.6) | Baseline | – |
Kalenjin | 530 | 23 | 42.6 (28.3–63.6) | 0.62 (0.40–0.98) | – |
Other | 218 | 14 | 60.5 (35.6–101.1) | 0.84 (0.45–1.54) | – |
Education level | |||||
No education | 173 | 14 | 88.9 (56.1–13.8) | 1.77(1.01–3.12) | – |
Primary | 665 | 32 | 45.7 (31.8–65.4) | Baseline | – |
Secondary | 1009 | 61 | 61.6 (46.9–80.5) | 1.25 (0.80–1.95) | – |
College/Uni | 209 | 16 | 80.0 (48.4–129.4) | 1.58 (0.85–2.95) | – |