Table 3 Distribution of bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus and the control group by gender (women)

BMD

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

p-value

p-value

Lumbar BMD (g/cm²)

1.03 ± 0.15

1.02 ± 0.17

0.90 ± 0.18

0.733

0.0001

Femoral Neck BMD (g/cm²)

0.80 ± 0.12

0.79 ± 0.16

0.70 ± 0.12

0.940

0.0001

T-Score (SD) Lumbar BMD

−0.45 ± 1.37

−0.46 ± 1.56

−1.65 ± 1.53

0.974

0.0001

T-Score (SD) Femoral Neck BMD

−1.01 ± 1.15

−0.95 ± 1.57

−1.96 ± 1.13

0.772

0.0001

Adjusted BMD*

LSMEAN ± SE

LSMEAN ± SE

LSMEAN ± SE

Lumbar BMD (g/cm²)

1.01 ± 0.03

1.05 ± 0.01

0.91 ± 0.01

0.337

0.0001

Femoral Neck (g/cm²)

0.78 ± 0.02

0.80 ± 0.01

0.71 ± 0.01

0.560

0.0001

WHO-criteria

% (n)

% (n)

% (n)

Lumbar BMD T-score

<−2.5 SD (Osteoporosis)

5.9 (4)

9.4 (12)

26.9 (67)

−2.5 SD – −1.0 SD (Osteopenia)

29.4 (20)

27.3 (35)

42.6 (108)

>−1.0 SD (Normal)

64.7 (44)

63.3 (81)

30.5 (76)

WHO-criteria

Femoral Neck BMD T-score

<−2.5 SD (Osteoporosis)

10.3 (7)

21.9 (28)

32.1 (80)

−2.5 SD – −1.0 SD (Osteopenia)

41.2 (28)

31.2 (40)

45.8 (114)

>−1.0 SD (Normal)

48.5 (33)

46.9 (60)

22.1 (55)