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Cancer and Endocrine Tumors

This section concerns all aspects of endocrine tumours and cancer including, but not limited to: prevention, diagnosis and management, as well as related molecular genetics, and pathophysiology.

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  1. Nerves and neurotrophic growth factors are emerging promoters of cancer growth. The precursor for Nerve Growth Factor (proNGF) is overexpressed in thyroid cancer, but its potential role as a clinical biomarker...

    Authors: Christopher W. Rowe, Sam Faulkner, Jonathan W. Paul, Jorge M. Tolosa, Craig Gedye, Cino Bendinelli, Katie Wynne, Shaun McGrath, John Attia, Roger Smith and Hubert Hondermarck

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2019 19:128

    Content type: Research article

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  3. The present study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of preoperative main pancreatic duct dilation and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (PD-NLR) in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) of t...

    Authors: Bo Zhou, Canyang Zhan, Jie Xiang, Yuan Ding and Sheng Yan

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2019 19:123

    Content type: Research article

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  4. Benign thyroid nodules (BTN) are frequently diagnosed as papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), leading to unnecessary treatment. We found that plasma lncRNA DLG1-AS1 was upregulated in PTC patients but not in BTN...

    Authors: Tao He, Huan Wang, Jiangming Sun, Jie Wu, Fakuo Gong, Shujun Li, Hui Wang and Yufeng Li

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2019 19:122

    Content type: Research article

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  5. Pituitary metastasis is a rare condition with a poor prognosis. Very few patients with pituitary metastasis are symptomatic. It is often associated with presence of co-existing metastases to other organs. Isol...

    Authors: Sirinart Sirinvaravong, Peeradon Vibhatavata, Paweena Chunharojrith, Pornsuk Cheunsuchon and Sutin Sriussadaporn

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2019 19:114

    Content type: Case report

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  6. Cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules currently present a challenge for clinical decision-making. The main aim of our study was to determine whether the classifications, American College of Radiology (AC...

    Authors: Thayse Lozovoy Madsen Barbosa, Cleo Otaviano Mesa Junior, Hans Graf, Teresa Cavalvanti, Marcus Adriano Trippia, Ricardo Torres da Silveira Ugino, Gabriel Lucca de Oliveira, Victor Hugo Granella and Gisah Amaral de Carvalho

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2019 19:112

    Content type: Research article

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  7. Clinical care of patients with cyclic Cushing’s syndrome (CS) is challenging. Classical pitfalls include incorrect subtyping, unnecessary surgical procedures and delayed definite treatment.

    Authors: Adriana Albani, Christina M. Berr, Felix Beuschlein, Marcus Treitl, Klaus Hallfeldt, Jürgen Honegger, Günter Schnauder and Martin Reincke

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2019 19:105

    Content type: Case report

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  8. The relationship between breast cancer (BC) and thyroid disease (TD) is still controversial. The aim of the study was to investigate the possible coexistence of TD in patients with newly diagnosed BC and its c...

    Authors: Chiara Dobrinja, Serena Scomersi, Fabiola Giudici, Giulia Vallon, Alessio Lanzaro, Marina Troian, Deborah Bonazza, Andrea Romano, Fabrizio Zanconati, Nicolò de Manzini and Marina Bortul

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2019 19:104

    Content type: Research

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  9. Medullary thyroid carcinoma is a malignant uncommon and aggressive tumour of the parafollicular C cells. In about 75% of cases it is sporadic while, in case of RET mutation, it is associated to multiple endocr...

    Authors: Claudio Gambardella, Chiara Offi, Guglielmo Clarizia, Roberto Maria Romano, Immacolata Cozzolino, Marco Montella, Rosa Maria Di Crescenzo, Massimo Mascolo, Angelo Cangiano, Sergio Di Martino, Giancarlo Candela and Giovanni Docimo

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2019 19:103

    Content type: Case report

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  10. Acromegaly is highly associated with thyroid disorders. However, the clinical characteristics of thyroid nodules in individuals with acromegaly who present with thyroid diseases have not been completely elucid...

    Authors: Dianshuang Xu, Bolin Wu, Xiaoju Li, Yunjiu Cheng, Dubo Chen, Yuefeng Fang, Qiu Du, Zhiyong Chen and Xiaodong Wang

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2019 19:94

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Endothelial cell-specific molecule-1 (ESM-1) is a biomarker associated with tumor progression in pituitary adenoma. We specifically focused on one type of pituitary adenoma, namely null cell adenoma (NCA) and ...

    Authors: Shousen Wang, Zhifeng Wu, Liangfeng Wei and Jianhe Zhang

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2019 19:90

    Content type: Research article

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  12. Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), which is mostly caused by a parathyroid adenoma, is fairly common in postmenopausal women but is relatively rare in pregnant women. PHPT-induced pancreatitis during pregnanc...

    Authors: Jun Yang, Meng-jie Dong and Feng Chen

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2019 19:82

    Content type: Case report

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  13. Co-existing Cushing’s syndrome and primary aldosteronism caused by bilateral adrenocortical adenomas, secreting cortisol and aldosterone, respectively, have rarely been reported. Precise diagnosis and manageme...

    Authors: Kaiyun Ren, Jia Wei, Qilin Liu, Yuchun Zhu, Nianwei Wu, Ying Tang, Qianrui Li, Qianying Zhang, Yerong Yu, Zhenmei An, Jing Chen and Jianwei Li

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2019 19:63

    Content type: Case report

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  15. Insulinoma is a rare tumour representing 1–2% of all pancreatic neoplasms and it is malignant in only 10% of cases. Locoregional invasion or metastases define malignancy, whereas the dimension (> 2 cm), CK19 s...

    Authors: Mariasmeralda Caliri, Valentina Verdiani, Edoardo Mannucci, Vittorio Briganti, Luca Landoni, Alessandro Esposito, Giulia Burato, Carlo Maria Rotella, Massimo Mannelli and Alessandro Peri

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2018 18:98

    Content type: Case report

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  16. Malignant insulinoma is extremely rare and accounts for only 10% of total insulinoma cases. The goal of this study is to retrospectively analyze clinical data from 15 patients with malignant insulinoma treated...

    Authors: Jie Yu, Fan Ping, Huabing Zhang, Wei Li, Tao Yuan, Yong Fu, Kai Feng, Weibo Xia, Lingling Xu and Yuxiu Li

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2018 18:92

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Thyroid lymphomas are an exceptional finding in patients with thyroid nodules. Burkitt’s lymphoma is one of the rarest and most aggressive forms of thyroid lymphomas, and its prognosis depends on the earliness...

    Authors: Stella Bernardi, Andrea Michelli, Deborah Bonazza, Veronica Calabrò, Fabrizio Zanconati, Gabriele Pozzato and Bruno Fabris

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2018 18:86

    Content type: Case report

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  19. The Ki-67 index in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) may change throughout the disease course. However, the definitive effect of Ki-67 variability on GEP-NENs remains unknown. The aims...

    Authors: Huiying Shi, Qin Zhang, Chaoqun Han, Ding Zhen and Rong Lin

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2018 18:51

    Content type: Research article

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  20. Papillary thyroid carcinoma with pleomorphic tumor giant cells (PTC-PC) is characterized by the occurrence of bizarre, pleomorphic cells within a small area of a conventional PTC. The histologic distinction be...

    Authors: Johan O. Paulsson, Jan Zedenius and C. Christofer Juhlin

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2018 18:46

    Content type: Case report

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  21. Pheochromocytoma, especially for noncatecholamine-secreting pheochromocytoma, is an extremely rare cause of ectopic corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) syndrome.

    Authors: Bao-Ping Wang, Lei-Lei Yang, Hao Wang, Qing He, Zhong-Shu Ma, Yi Lin, Chang-Xin Jiang, Hao-Ran Sun and Ming Liu

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2018 18:41

    Content type: Case report

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  22. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) presents the most serious health problems and contributes to the increased mortality in young women with Turner syndrome. Arterial hypertension in Turner syndrome patients is signi...

    Authors: Ji Yeon Shin, Bo Hyun Kim, Young Keum Kim, Tae Hwa Kim, Eun Heui Kim, Min Jin Lee, Jong Ho Kim, Yun Kyung Jeon, Sang Soo Kim and In Joo Kim

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2018 18:27

    Content type: Case report

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  23. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-independent Cushing’s syndrome (CS) with bilateral cortisol-secreting adenomas has been rarely reported in the literatures. Precise recognition and management of this disorde...

    Authors: Jia Wei, Sheyu Li, Qilin Liu, Yuchun Zhu, Nianwei Wu, Ying Tang, Qianrui Li, Kaiyun Ren, Qianying Zhang, Yerong Yu, Zhenmei An, Jing Chen and Jianwei Li

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2018 18:22

    Content type: Case report

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  24. Ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) syndrome (EAS) is caused by tumours releasing ACTH. Ectopic ACTH-producing tumour regression is rarely induced using steroidogenesis inhibitors. We presented a case o...

    Authors: Hideyuki Iwayama, Sho Hirase, Yuka Nomura, Tatsuo Ito, Hiroyuki Morita, Kazuo Otake, Akihisa Okumura and Junko Takagi

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2018 18:19

    Content type: Case report

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  25. Spontaneous haemorrhage into a parathyroid adenoma is a rare and potentially life-threatening presentation.

    Authors: Aoife Garrahy, David Hogan, James Paul O’Neill and Amar Agha

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2017 17:35

    Content type: Case report

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    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Endocrine Disorders 2017 17:42

  26. Adrenal corticomedullary mixed tumours are very rare. Its mechanism is rarely reported. Here we report the first case of a corticomedullary mixed tumour resembling a “small adrenal gland” with distinct arrange...

    Authors: Lian Duan, Fang Fang, Wanlei Fu, Zhenqiang Fang, Hui Wang, Shicang Yu, Zili Tang, Zhenqi Liu and Hongting Zheng

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2017 17:9

    Content type: Case report

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  27. Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is the tool of choice for evaluating thyroid nodules with the majority classified as benign following initial assessment. However, concern remains about false negative resu...

    Authors: Nigel Glynn, Mark J. Hannon, Sarah Lewis, Patrick Hillery, Mohammed Al-Mousa, Arnold D. K. Hill, Frank Keeling, Martina Morrin, Christopher J. Thompson, Diarmuid Smith, Derval Royston, Mary Leader and Amar Agha

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2016 16:45

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETs) originate from the enterochromaffin cells in the ileum and jejunum. The knowledge about genetic and epigenetic abnormalities is limited. Low mRNA expression lev...

    Authors: Katarina Edfeldt, Per Hellman, Gunnar Westin and Peter Stalberg

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2016 16:19

    Content type: Research article

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  30. There is rising incidence of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (GEP- NETs) in many parts of the world, but epidemiological data from Asian populations is rare.

    Authors: Doris T. Chan, Andrea O. Y. Luk, W. Y. So, Alice P. S. Kong, Francis C. C. Chow, Ronald C. W. Ma and Anthony W. I. Lo

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2016 16:12

    Content type: Research article

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  31. The rare incidence of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) has contributed to a paucity of large epidemiologic studies of patients with this condition. We investigated the occurrence and clinicopathologic features ...

    Authors: George C. Nikou, Kalliopi Pazaitou-Panayiotou, Dimitrios Dimitroulopoulos, Georgios Alexandrakis, Pavlos Papakostas, Michalis Vaslamatzis, Philippos Kaldrymidis, Vyron Markussis and Anna Koumarianou

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2016 16:8

    Content type: Research article

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  32. Aldosterone-producing adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare malignancy, which is usually diagnosed by histopathological examination of the excised tumor. In inoperable cases, aldosterone-producing ACC diagnosed b...

    Authors: Kennosuke Ohashi, Takeshi Hayashi, Masaya Sakamoto, Hiroyuki Iuchi, Hirofumi Suzuki, Takanori Ebisawa, Katsuyoshi Tojo, Hironobu Sasano and Kazunori Utsunomiya

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2016 16:3

    Content type: Case report

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  33. Anasarca in patients with lymphoma is a rare symptom. We report a patient with DLBCL associated with pituitary gland infiltration that was diagnosed based on significant anasarca.

    Authors: Ayako Kumabe, Tsuneaki Kenzaka, Yoshioki Nishimura, Masaki Aikawa, Masaki Mori and Masami Matsumura

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2015 15:10

    Content type: Case report

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  34. A published clinical prediction score indicated that a unilateral adrenal adenoma and either hypokalemia or an estimated glomerular filtration rate of 100 ml/min/1.73 m2 was 100% specific for unilateral primar...

    Authors: Erik S Venos, Benny So, Valerian C Dias, Adrian Harvey, Janice L Pasieka and Gregory A Kline

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2014 14:94

    Content type: Research article

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  35. Non-palpable thyroid nodules can be difficult to access by conventional ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration, particularly when they are intrathoracic. Many of these patients are subject to multiple follow...

    Authors: Roberto F Casal, Mimi N Phan, Keerthana Keshava, Jose M Garcia, Horiana Grosu, D Ray Lazarus, Juan Iribarren and Daniel G Rosen

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2014 14:88

    Content type: Research article

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  36. The involvement of the testis by metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma has never been described before. We describe the first case of metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma affecting testis and inguinal lymph...

    Authors: Marialuisa Appetecchia, Agnese Barnabei, Vincenzo Pompeo, Steno Sentinelli, Roberto Baldelli, Salvatore Maria Corsello and Francesco Torino

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2014 14:84

    Content type: Case report

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  37. We report the case of a patient who had a non-functional metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour (pNET), which changed in functionality during the course of the disease. This case demonstrates the effectiv...

    Authors: Surya Panicker Rajeev, Steffan McDougall, Monica Terlizzo, Daniel Palmer, Christina Daousi and Daniel J Cuthbertson

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2014 14:70

    Content type: Case report

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  38. Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) are a group of rare tumors. Chromogranin A (CgA) was considered as the most practical and useful serum tumor marker in PNET patients. But peripheral blood levels of CgA...

    Authors: Xin-Wei Qiao, Ling Qiu, Yuan-Jia Chen, Chang-Ting Meng, Zhao Sun, Chun-Mei Bai, Da-Chun Zhao, Tai-Ping Zhang, Yu-Pei Zhao, Yu-Li Song, Yu-Hong Wang, Jie Chen and Chong-Mei Lu

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2014 14:64

    Content type: Research article

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  39. Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a malignant disease most commonly diagnosed in the setting of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and in patients receiving immunosuppressive treatment. Pulmonary KS has never...

    Authors: Margarita Bala, Cristina L Ronchi, Josef Pichl, Vanessa Wild, Stefan Kircher, Bruno Allolio and Stefanie Hahner

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2014 14:63

    Content type: Case report

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  40. Promyelocytic leukaemia zinc finger (PLZF) is a transcriptional repressor that was originally isolated from a patient with promyelocytic leukaemia. PLZF also affects key elements for cell cycle progression, su...

    Authors: Kazuhiko Matsuzawa, Shoichiro Izawa, Tsuyoshi Ohkura, Hiroko Ohkura, Kiyosuke Ishiguro, Akio Yoshida, Yumi Takiyama, Masakazu Haneda, Chiaki Shigemasa, Kazuhiro Yamamoto and Shin-ichi Taniguchi

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2014 14:52

    Content type: Research article

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  41. Hypoglycemic episodes are infrequent in individuals without a history of diabetes mellitus or bariatric surgery. When hypoglycemia does occur in such individuals, an uncommon but important diagnosis to conside...

    Authors: Ameer Khowaja, Brianna Johnson-Rabbett, John Bantle and Amir Moheet

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2014 14:49

    Content type: Case report

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  42. Although chronic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and androgen hyperstimulation are assumed to be involved in the pathogenesis of adrenal myelolipomas associated with poor-compliance patients with congenital...

    Authors: Madson Q Almeida, Laura C Kaupert, Luciana P Brito, Antonio M Lerario, Beatriz M P Mariani, Marta Ribeiro, Osmar Monte, Francisco T Denes, Berenice B Mendonca and Tânia ASS Bachega

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2014 14:42

    Content type: Research article

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  44. Seminomas have been rarely associated with malignant hypercalcemia. The responsible mechanism of hypercalcemia in this setting has been described to be secondary to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D secretion. The relat...

    Authors: René Rodríguez-Gutiérrez, Maria Azucena Zapata-Rivera, Dania Lizeth Quintanilla-Flores, Carlos Rodrigo Camara-Lemarroy, Fernando Javier Lavalle-Gonzalez, José Gerardo González-González and Jesús Zacarías Villarreal-Pérez

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2014 14:32

    Content type: Case report

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  45. Hand-foot syndrome (HFS), also known as palmar-plantar Erythrodysesthesia (PPE), acral erythema or Burgdorf reaction, is a dermatologic toxic reaction to certain chemotherapies, including sorafenib. A high inc...

    Authors: Carlos Velandia-Carrillo, Edwin Wandurraga-Sánchez and Diego Gómez-Abreo

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2014 14:26

    Content type: Case report

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  46. Steroid cell tumors of ovary account for less than 0.1% of all ovarian tumors and these tumours may present at any age in association with interesting presentations related to hormonal activities. The subtype,...

    Authors: Menghua Yuan, Mingcai Qiu and Mei Zhu

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2014 14:12

    Content type: Case report

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  47. Thyroid metastases are clinically rare, and usually occur in patients with a history of prior malignancy and when there are metastases elsewhere. Metastases of pancreatic carcinoma to the thyroid are extremely...

    Authors: Alessandro P Delitala, Gianpaolo Vidili, Alessandra Manca, Upinder Dial, Giuseppe Delitala and Giuseppe Fanciulli

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2014 14:6

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  48. A diagnosis of subacute thyroiditis is readily considered when patients present with a particular set of typical clinical characteristics. Subacute thyroiditis sometimes presents as a solitary cold nodule; how...

    Authors: Lian-Xi Li, Xing Wu, Bing Hu, Hui-Zhen Zhang and Han-Kui Lu

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2014 14:4

    Content type: Case report

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  50. Around 10 per cent of catecholamine-secreting tumours can be found outside the adrenal medulla (paraganglioma). We report a case of a functional sporadic paraganglioma that was localized lateral to the prostat...

    Authors: Jesper Kers, Zaheeb A Choudhry, Ton A Roeleveld and Alexander PJ Houdijk

    Citation: BMC Endocrine Disorders 2013 13:55

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

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