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Table 3 Experimental studies investigating the effects of psychological interventions on polycystic ovary syndrome outcomes

From: Lifestyle management in polycystic ovary syndrome – beyond diet and physical activity

References

Study design; study length; N participants

Intervention

Main findings

Abdollahi et al. 2019 [152]

Parallel RCT; 8 wk; 74

I = 8 weekly CBT

C = minimal intervention

↑ QoL (PCOSQ) for I compared with C

↓ psychological fatigue (FIS) for I compared with C

Jiskoot et al. 2020 [162]

Jiskoot et al. 2020 [154]

Parallel RCT; 1 yr; 183

I = 20 group sessions of CBT combined with nutrition advice and exercise

C = usual care

↓ depression (BDI-II) and BW in I compared with C

↑ self-esteem (RSES) in I compared with C

Oberg et al. 2020 [132]

Parallel RCT; 16 wk with a follow-up at 1 yr; 68

I = behavioural modification program

C = minimal intervention

↓ anxiety (PGWBI) and depressed mood (PGWBI) in I compared with C

↑ higher general health (PGWBI) in I compared with C

Cooney et al. 2018 [153]

Parallel RCT; 16 wk; 31

I = 8 weekly CBT with lifestyle modification

C = no psychological intervention with lifestyle modification

↓ BW in I compared with control

↑ QoL (PCOSQ) in I compared with control

Raja-Khan et al. 2017 [160]

Parallel RCT; 16 wk; 86

I = 8 weekly MBSR

C = 8 weekly health education sessions (diet and exercise education)

↑ mindfulness (TMS) in I compared with C

↓ perceived stress (PSS-10) in I compared with C

Stefanaki et al. 2015 [156]

Parallel RCT; 8 wk; 38

I = MBSR

C = minimal intervention

↓ depression (DASS21), stress (DASS21) and cortisol in I compared with control

Roessler et al. 2012 [151]a

Roessler et al. 2013 [163]b

Cross-over randomised; 8 wk per arm and 16 wk total; 17

8 wk high-intensity aerobic exercise

(including a ramp-up period of two weeks) and 8 wk group counselling in a cross-over design without a wash-out period

Relationships between the participants were important for changes in behaviour, especially relationships which generated helpful peer feedback and reduced social isolation

↓ BW and BMI after 16 wk only in the group who started with group counselling

Rofey et al. 2009 [158]

Single arm experimental; 8 wk; 12

8 one-on-one CBT, 3 family-based

CBT and lifestyle goals (diet and exercise)

↓ BW, BMI and depression (CDI)

↑ health-related QoL (IWQoL-K)

  1. Abbreviations: ↑ significant increase (P ≤ 0.05), ↓ significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05), BDI-II Beck Depression Inventory-II, BP Blood pressure, BMI Body mass index, BW Body weight, CDI Children’s Depression Inventory, C Control, CBT Cognitive behavioural therapy, CES-D Centre for Epidemiologic Studies – Depression Scale, DASS21 Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21, DSM-IV Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (fourth edition), FGL Fasting glucose level, FIS Fatigue Impact Scale, I Intervention, IWQoL-K Impact of Weight on Quality of Life Questionnaire—Kids, HP Hip circumference, MBSR Mindfulness-based stress reduction, PSS-10 Perceived Stress Scale-10, PCOS Polycystic ovary syndrome, PCOSQ Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire, PGWBI Psychological Well-Being Index, QoL Quality of life, RSES Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale, RCT Randomized controlled trial, STAI State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, SSP Swedish Universities Scale of Personalities, TMS Toronto Mindfulness Scale, TSST Trier Social Stress Test, WC Waist circumference
  2. aQualitative analysis only
  3. bStatistical analysis compares order of intervention arms (e.g. counselling followed by exercise versus exercise followed by counselling) and doesn’t compare effects of counselling versus exercise
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BMC Endocrine Disorders

ISSN: 1472-6823

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