Table 1 Baseline characteristics by treatment group

Male, n (%)

122 (53.7)

36 (50.0)

0.59

Age, years

61.2 ± 9.4

61.0 ± 9.5

0.86

Weight, kg

94.9 ± 20.8

90.3 ± 20.8

0.11

Body mass index, kg/m²

33.3 ± 5.8

31.9 ± 6.9

0.086

Diabetes duration, years

11.0 ± 6.7

8.6 ± 5.3

0.007

HbA1c, %

8.6 ± 1.2

9.3 ± 1.5

< 0.0001

HbA1c, mmol/mol

70.2 ± 13.3

78.2 ± 16.8

Fasting plasma glucose, mmol/L

10.6 ± 3.0

14.1 ± 4.7

< 0.0001

 Metformin

226 (99.6)

47 (65.3)

< 0.0001

 Sulphonylurea

127 (55.9)

59 (81.9)

< 0.0001

 DPP-4 inhibitor

117 (51.5)

26 (36.1)

0.03

 GLP-1 receptor agonist

23 (10.1)

1 (1.4)

0.013

 Insulin

36 (15.9)

10 (13.9)

0.85

 Other

5 (2.2)

7 (9.7)

0.01