Hypertension attenuates the link of osteoprotegerin to reduced baroreflex sensitivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients on oral antidiabetic and antihypertensive therapy – a cross sectional study

Table 2 Comparison of glycemic parameters, lipid profile, lipid risk factors and other biochemical markers between diabetes mellitus (DM) patients on treatment) with and without hypertension (HTN)

Variables	Control Group (DM without HTN) (n = 92)	Test Group (DM with HTN) (n = 88)	P values
Glycaemic Parameters
FSG (mg/dL)	121.04 ± 34.65	126.62 ± 29.49	0. 247
HbA1c (g%)	6.92 ± 0.56	7,15 ± 0.60	0.475
Insulin (μU/mL)	19.59 ± 12.82	25.82 ± 11.09	0. 001
HOMA-IR	5.80 ± 4.09	8.26 ± 4.60	0. 000
Lipid profile
TC (mg /dL)	152.28 ± 34.21	161.99 ± 41.27	0.093
HDL C (mg /dL)	37.96 ± 6.88	34.66 ± 4.43	0.000
LDL C (mg /dL)	87.45 ± 32.13	97.05 ± 37.02	0.070
TG (mg /dL)	141.26 ± 63.83	151.31 ± 73.61	0.338
VLDL C (mg /dL)	29.55 ± 14.76	30.26 ± 14.72	0.754
Lipid risk factors
Non HDL-C (mg/dL)	117.01 ± 34.94	127.32 ± 39.83	0.072
TG/ HDL- C #	3,85 ± 1.95	4.41 ± 2.13	0.072
TC/ HDL-C #	4.06 ± 0.87	4.69 ± 1.17	0.000
LDL-C/ HDL-C #	2.32 ± 0.80	2.81 ± 1.08	0.001
AIP	0.53 ± 0.21	0.59 ± 0.20	0.042
Other biochemical markers
TNF-α (pg/ml) #	19.85 ± 8.89	25.29 ± 13.73	0.004
Osteoprotegerin (pg/mL) #	223.08 ± 103.86	287.60 ± 121.36	0.001

The values are expressed as Mean ± SD for parametric data. Comparison between the groups was done by unpaired Student’s t-test for parametric data and by Mann–Whitney U test for non-parametric data (#). P Value < 0.05 was considered significant
FSG Fasting serum glucose, HOMA-IR Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, TC Total cholesterol, TG Triglyceride, HDL High density lipoprotein, LDL Low density lipoprotein, VLDL Very low-density lipoprotein, Non HDL-C Non HDL cholesterol, AIP Atherogenic index of plasma = log₁₀[TG/ HDL- C], TNF- α Tumor necrosis factor alpha, OPG Osteoprotegerin

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