Table 2 Subgroup analysis for assessment of lipid profiles between primary aldosteronism and essential hypertension patients
Subgroup | Number of studies | SMD (95%CI) | I2 (%) | I2 p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Triglyceride | ||||
 Mean age | ||||
  - < 50 years | 11 | − 0.21 (− 0.34, − 0.07) | 60.7 | 0.005 |
  - ≥ 50 years | 18 | − 0.13 (− 0.25, 0.00) | 72.4 | < 0.001 |
 Ethnicity | ||||
  -Asian-predominant | 11 | − 0.20 (− 0.33, − 0.07) | 31.5 | 0.147 |
  -Non-Asian- predominant | 18 | −0.14 (− 0.26, − 0.02) | 77.6 | < 0.001 |
 Mean BMI | ||||
  -Non-obese | 19 | −0.16 (− 0.27, − 0.05) | 75.8 | < 0.001 |
  -Obese | 10 | −0.16 (− 0.31, − 0.00) | 50.1 | 0.035 |
 Mean plasma glucose | ||||
  -Normal | 18 | −0.12 (− 0.23, − 0.02) | 52.2 | 0.005 |
  -Impaired fasting glucose | 6 | −0.19 (− 0.47, 0.08) | 88.5 | < 0.001 |
 Demographic data matching | ||||
  -Unmatched | 9 | −0.31 (− 0.59, − 0.02) | 83.7 | < 0.001 |
  -Matched | 20 | −0.11 (− 0.19, − 0.03) | 52.5 | 0.003 |
 Statin use | ||||
  -Non-statin | 2 | −0.29 (− 0.49, − 0.09) | 0 | 0.987 |
  -Unknown | 27 | −0.15 (− 0.25, − 0.05) | 71.1 | < 0.001 |
Cholesterol | ||||
 Mean age | ||||
  - < 50 years | 11 | −0.27 (− 0.42, − 0.12) | 67.1 | 0.001 |
  - ≥ 50 years | 16 | −0.33 (− 0.48, − 0.18) | 78.5 | < 0.001 |
 Ethnicity | ||||
  -Asian-predominant | 11 | −0.19 (− 0.29, − 0.09) | 0 | 0.584 |
  -Non-Asian- predominant | 16 | −0.37 (− 0.52, − 0.21) | 84.8 | < 0.001 |
 Mean BMI | ||||
  -Non-obese | 18 | −0.31 (− 0.45, − 0.17) | 82.6 | < 0.001 |
  -Obese | 9 | −0.29 (− 0.41, − 0.17) | 10.0 | 0.352 |
 Mean plasma glucose | ||||
  -Normal | 16 | −0.18 (− 0.26, − 0.10) | 10.8 | 0.330 |
  -Impaired fasting glucose | 6 | −0.29 (0.51, − 0.08) | 80.0 | < 0.001 |
 Demographic data matching | ||||
  -Unmatched | 9 | −0.27 (− 0.42, − 0.13) | 23.2 | 0.237 |
  -Matched | 18 | −0.31 (− 0.45, − 0.17) | 82.5 | < 0.001 |
HDL | ||||
 Mean age | ||||
  - < 50 years | 11 | 0.09 (−0.17, 0.36) | 90.5 | < 0.001 |
  - ≥ 50 years | 16 | −0.21 (− 0.35, − 0.07) | 71.6 | < 0.001 |
 Ethnicity | ||||
  -Asian-predominant | 9 | 0.17 (−0.16, 0.57) | 89.0 | < 0.001 |
  -Non-Asian- predominant | 18 | −0.20 (− 0.34, − 0.06) | 79.6 | < 0.001 |
 Mean BMI | ||||
  -Non-obese | 18 | −0.09 (− 0.29, 0.12) | 91.3 | < 0.001 |
  -Obese | 9 | −0.07 (− 0.18, 0.04) | 0 | 0.939 |
 Mean plasma glucose | ||||
  -Normal | 18 | −0.01 (− 0.19, 0.17) | 85.5 | < 0.001 |
  -Impaired fasting glucose | 5 | −0.37 (− 0.73, − 0.01) | 87.8 | < 0.001 |
 Demographic data matching | ||||
  -Unmatched | 9 | −0.10 (− 0.33, 0.12) | 75.5 | < 0.001 |
  -Matched | 18 | −0.07 (− 0.26, 0.12) | 89.6 | < 0.001 |
LDL | ||||
 Mean age | ||||
  - < 50 years | 11 | −0.20 (− 0.32, − 0.08) | 48.3 | 0.036 |
  - ≥ 50 years | 14 | −0.16 (− 0.32, − 0.00) | 72.5 | < 0.001 |
 Ethnicity | ||||
  -Asian-predominant | 9 | −0.17 (− 0.31, − 0.02) | 41.2 | 0.093 |
  -Non-Asian- predominant | 16 | −0.18 (− 0.31, − 0.05) | 73.4 | < 0.001 |
 Mean BMI | ||||
  -Non-obese | 16 | −0.18 (− 0.30, − 0.05) | 70.7 | < 0.001 |
  -Obese | 9 | −0.17 (− 0.34, 0.01) | 56.7 | 0.018 |
 Mean plasma glucose | ||||
  -Normal | 16 | −0.12 (− 0.22, − 0.03) | 35.2 | 0.081 |
  -Impaired fasting glucose | 5 | −0.11 (− 0.35, 0.14) | 75.2 | 0.003 |
 Demographic data matching | ||||
  -Unmatched | 9 | −0.08 (− 0.26, 0.10) | 52.3 | 0.033 |
  -Matched | 16 | −0.22 (− 0.33, − 0.10) | 69 | < 0.001 |