Table 2 Dietary intake of study population among MND tertiles

Macronutrients

 Energy intake(kcal)

2080.39 ± 632.61

2514.71 ± 767.23

3008.79 ± 741.26

 < 0.001

-

 Protein (g/d)

67.68 ± 21.36

84.65 ± 27.09

108.96 ± 29.79

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Carbohydrate (g/d)

289.23 ± 96.02

351.16 ± 113.78

432.45 ± 117.97

 < 0.001

0.06

 Fat (g/d)

77.17 ± 29.25

93.54 ± 36.86

105.04 ± 32.44

 < 0.001

0.004

Fat subgroups

 Cholesterol (mg/d)

215.65 ± 103.32

254.54 ± 110.55

296.07 ± 110.92

 < 0.001

0.84

 SFA (mg/d)

23.36 ± 9.88

27.45 ± 11.41

31.70 ± 11.43

 < 0.001

0.06

 MUFA (mg/d)

25.91 ± 11.38

31.86 ± 13.70

34.97 ± 11.78

0.001

0.015

 PUFA (mg/d)

16.42 ± 9.19

20.21 ± 10.16

21.63 ± 8.68

 < 0.001

0.10

 Linoleic (g/d)

14.48 ± 8.67

17.76 ± 9.57

18.37 ± 8.27

0.007

0.020

 Linolenic (g/d)

1.00 ± 0.59

1.13 ± 0.69

1.39 ± 0.62

 < 0.001

0.50

 EPA (g/d)

0.01 ± 0.03

0.02 ± 0.02

0.04 ± 0.04

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 DHA (g/d)

0.04 ± 0.10

0.07 ± 0.07

0.14 ± 0.13

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Trans fatty acids (g/d)

0.00 ± 0.00

0.00 ± 0.00

0.00 ± 0.00

0.25

0.40

Vitamins

 Vitamin A (RAE-mcg/d)

486.22 ± 28.38

647.59 ± 281.32

1007.62 ± 428.20

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Vitamin D (μg/d)

1.49 ± 1.38

1.75 ± 1.27

2.38 ± 1.78

 < 0.001

0.08

 Vitamin E (mg/L)

13.66 ± 8.49

17.55 ± 9.88

18.01 ± 8.05

 < 0.001

0.10

 Vitamin k (mcg/d)

177.30 ± 177.38

258.47 ± 270.48

366.74 ± 332.56

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Vitamin B1 (mg/d)

1.76 ± 0.57

2.03 ± 0.73

2.42 ± 0.69

 < 0.001

0.29

 Vitamin B2 (mg/d)

1.81 ± 0.73

2.10 ± 0.80

2.66 ± 0.83

 < 0.001

0.06

 Vitamin B3 (mg/d)

19.67 ± 6.75

24.64 ± 8.69

31.18 ± 10.42

 < 0.001

0.007

 Vitamin B5 (mg/d)

4.86 ± 1.87

5.87 ± 1.76

7.76 ± 2.47

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Vitamin B6 (mg/d)

1.57 ± 0.44

1.99 ± 0.62

2.69 ± 0.68

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Biotin (mg/d)

25.71 ± 12.54

34.29 ± 11.89

48.07 ± 17.35

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Vitamin B9 (μg/d)

493.29 ± 147.10

580.66 ± 183.01

719.04 ± 172.36

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Vitamin B12 (mg/d)

3.61 ± 2.70

3.97 ± 1.99

5.06 ± 2.64

 < 0.001

0.27

 Vitamin C (mg/d)

123.25 ± 82.52

163.25 ± 112.56

243.98 ± 110.39

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

Minerals

 Sodium (mg/d)

3691.58 ± 1746.51

4412.66 ± 1657.03

4919.27 ± 1734.17

 < 0.001

0.40

 Potassium (mg/d)

3056.18 ± 1075.04

4066.22 ± 1398.84

5630.65 ± 1565.56

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Magnesium (mg/d)

329.84 ± 106.28

441.70 ± 140.36

577.46 ± 162.80

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Calcium (mg/d)

1023.96 ± 438.88

1164.02 ± 486.77

1148.57 ± 542.75

 < 0.001

0.12

 Manganese (mg/d)

5.84 ± 2.41

7.93 ± 3.88

9.19 ± 4.40

 < 0.001

0.14

 Zinc (mg/d)

9.92 ± 3.41

12.47 ± 4.25

15.97 ± 4.71

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Iron (mg/d)

19.85 ± 13.96

25.77 ± 21.35

30.13 ± 22.36

0.002

0.73

 Phosphorus (mg/d)

1259.41 ± 428.15

1543.73 ± 470.75

1999.69 ± 525.34

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Selenium (μg/d)

97.04 ± 33.16

123.71 ± 46.05

142.86 ± 52.74

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Copper (mg/d)

1.47 ± 0.53

1.84 ± 0.58

2.45 ± 0.74

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

MND components

 Fish (g/d)

5.89 ± 10.36

9.13 ± 8.31

15.15 ± 14.51

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Root vegetables (g/d)

45.21 ± 22.20

66.78 ± 40.66

118.46 ± 58.89

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Apples, pears/high antioxidant fruits (g/d)

63.30 ± 44.32

110.09 ± 84.17

179.31 ± 117.23

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Cabbages (g/d)

147.83 ± 97.48

251.56 ± 205.44

412.25 ± 199.80

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Oatmeal (g/d)

28.62 ± 15.61

45.15 ± 34.36

77.09 ± 53.50

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Rye/ wholegrain breads (g/d)

22.51 ± 25.68

62.68 ± 69.10

77.78 ± 88.40

 < 0.001

 < 0.001