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Table 5 Effect size of HDL-C on diabetes in prespecified and exploratory subgroups

From: Non-linear relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and incident diabetes mellitus: a secondary retrospective analysis based on a Japanese cohort study

Characteristic

No of patients

Effect size(95%CI)

P value

P for interaction

Age(years)

   

0.3924

  < 60

14,633

0.64 (0.41, 1.01)

0.0543

 

  ≥ 60

705

0.33 (0.07, 1.49)

0.1497

 

Gender

   

0.2075

 Women

6941

0.84 (0.39, 1.81)

0.6515

 

 Men

8397

0.46 (0.27, 0.78)

0.0036

 

Ethanol consumption (g/week)

   

0.4092

 0

11,718

0.70 (0.43, 1.14)

0.1508

 

  > 0

3620

0.51 (0.27, 0.98)

0.0442

 

Smoking status

   

0.0062

 Never-smoker

8940

1.28 (0.68, 2.42)

0.4420

 

 Ex-smoker

2928

0.29 (0.10, 0.83)

0.0212

 

 Current-smoker

3470

0.32 (0.16, 0.66)

0.0020

 

Regular exerciser

   

0.9793

 No

12,657

0.54 (0.34, 0.84)

0.0070

 

 Yes

2681

0.54 (0.22, 1.34)

0.1860

 

SBP (mmHg)

   

0.0160

  < 140

14,556

0.76 (0.48, 1.19)

0.2275

 

  ≥ 140

782

0.14 (0.03, 0.56)

0.0055

 

DBP (mmHg)

   

0.0055

  < 90

14,578

0.78 (0.50, 1.22)

0.2694

 

  ≥ 90

760

0.09 (0.02, 0.42)

0.0023

 

BMI (kg/m2)

   

0.2004

  < 25

12,817

0.71 (0.42, 1.20)

0.1952

 

  ≥ 25

2521

0.40 (0.19, 0.82)

0.0131

 

Visceral fat obesity

   

0.9829

 No

13,332

0.60 (0.37, 0.98)

0.0399

 

 Yes

2006

0.59 (0.29, 1.23)

0.1618

 

Fatty liver

   

0.7475

 No

12,604

0.67 (0.39, 1.16)

0.1561

 

 Yes

2734

0.59 (0.32, 1.11)

0.1025

 
  1. Note 1: Above model adjusted for gender, age, ethanol consumption, smoking, regular exerciser, SBP, DBP, BMI, WC, TC, TG, HbA1c, FPG
  2. Note 2: In each case, the model is not adjusted for the stratification variable