Table 1 Demographic characteristic and baseline information of the participants in DehPCS, by self-reported diabetes situation
Total n | Diabetic n (%) | Non-diabetic n (%) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | ||||
Male | 1735 | 151 (8.70) | 1584 (91.30) | < 0.001 |
Female | 2241 | 372 (16.60) | 1869 (83.40) | |
Age groups | ||||
35–45 | 1773 | 149 (8.40) | 1624 (91.60) | < 0.001 |
46–60 | 1720 | 261 (15.17) | 1459 (84.83) | |
> 60 | 483 | 113 (23.40) | 370 (76.60) | |
Marital status | ||||
Married | 3651 | 453 (12.41) | 3198 (87.59) | < 0.001 |
Single | 325 | 70 (21.54) | 255 (78.46) | |
Education years | ||||
Illiterate | 1245 | 262 (21.04) | 983 (78.96) | < 0.001 |
1–5 | 1110 | 142 (12.79) | 968 (87.21) | |
6–12 | 1113 | 78 (7.01) | 1035 (92.99) | |
University | 508 | 41 (8.07) | 467 (91.93) | |
Economic status | ||||
Poorest | 1344 | 149 (11.09) | 1195 (88.91) | 0.001 |
Moderate | 1300 | 165 (12.69) | 1135 (87.31) | |
Rich | 1318 | 208 (15.78) | 1110 (84.22) | |
BMI | ||||
Normal weight | 985 | 75 (7.61) | 910 (92.39) | < 0.001 |
Over-weight | 1698 | 246 (14.49) | 1452 (85.51) | |
Obese | 1281 | 201 (15.69) | 1080 (84.31) | |
Cigarette smoking | ||||
No smoker | 3024 | 393 (13.00) | 2631 (87.00) | < 0.001 |
Ex-smoker | 326 | 68 (20.86) | 258 (79.14) | |
Smoker | 600 | 61 (10.17) | 539 (89.83) | |
Drug use | ||||
Yes | 448 | 47 (10.49) | 401 (89.51) | 0.071 |
No | 3502 | 475 (13.56) | 3027 (86.44) | |
Alcohol use | ||||
Yes | 481 | 45 (9.36) | 436 (90.64) | 0.008 |
No | 3470 | 477 (13.75) | 2993 (86.25) | |
HTN | ||||
Yes | 839 | 182 (21.69) | 657 (78.31) | < 0.001 |
No | 3137 | 341 (10.87) | 2796 (89.13) | |
Family history of DM | ||||
No | 2436 | 234 (9.61) | 2202 (90.39) | < 0.001 |
Second degree | 430 | 63 (14.65) | 367 (85.35) | |
First degree | 1106 | 226 (20.43) | 880 (79.57) | |