Table 1 Mean ± SE of Cardiometabolic Biomarkers of Participants in Case Control Study according to Gender

Age (Year)

51.3 ± 0.5

50.1 ± 0.5

0.086

49.0 ± 0.6

49.8 ± 0.7

0.355

45.7 ± 0.7

46.0 ± 0.7

0.726

Weight (Kg)

70.6 ± 1.0

68.1 ± 0.9

0.061

74.3 ± 1.2

71.4 ± 1.3

0.105

65.9 ± 1.2

64.5 ± 1.2

0.411

Height (m)

164.2 ± 0.8

164.7 ± 0.8

0.689

169.6 ± 0.8

170.9 ± 0.8

0.257

157.4 ± 0.8

157.8 ± 0.7

0.677

Body Mass Index (Kg/m²)

26.1 ± 0.3

25.1 ± 0.3

0.013

25.8 ± 0.3

24.5 ± 0.4

0.014

26.5 ± 0.4

25.9 ± 0.4

0.250

Waist Circum. (cm)

91.4 ± 0.8

88.7 ± 0.9

0.027

93.9 ± 0.9

90.4 ± 1.1

0.015

88.2 ± 1.3

86.8 ± 1.4

0.480

Hip Circum. (cm)

98.8 ± 0.63

99.1 ± 0.7

0.708

99.2 ± 0.8

98.5 ± 0.9

0.559

98.2 ± 1.0

99.8 ± 0.9

0.245

Waist to Hip ratio

0.93 ± 0.01

0.89 ± 0.01

0.000

0.95 ± 0.01

0.92 ± 0.01

0.000

0.90 ± 0.01

0.87 ± 0.01

0.039

Fasting Blood Sugar (mg/dl)

181.3 ± 6.1

90.1 ± 1.0

0.000

177.5 ± 8.5

90.4 ± 1.2

0.000

186.1 ± 8.8

89.7 ± 1.5

0.000

HbA1c

8.4 ± 0.3

–

–

8.5 ± 0.3

–

–

8.2 ± 0.4

–

–

Serum triglyceride (mg/dl)

184.7 ± 9.9

120.7 ± 5.6

0.000

181.9 ± 13.9

127.8 ± 8.0

0.001

188.3 ± 14.1

112.9 ± 7.8

0.000

Total Cholesterol (mg/dl)

193.1 ± 3.9

183.0 ± 3.0

0.043

191.7 ± 5.1

182.7 ± 4.5

0.191

194.8 ± 6.2

183.3 ± 4.0

0.120

LDL-C (mg/dl)

111.8 ± 3.7

114.4 ± 2.5

0.549

111.8 ± 5.0

114.0 ± 3.4

0.720

111.7 ± 5.4

114.9 ± 3.8

0.619

HDL-C (mg/dl)

45.2 ± 0.9

44.4 ± 0.9

0.562

44.5 ± 1.0

43.1 ± 1.3

0.411

46.1 ± 1.6

45.9 ± 1.3

0.922

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

112.7 ± 1.1

110.4 ± 1.1

0.151

113.1 ± 1.5

113.4 ± 1.4

0.971

112.0 ± 1.6

107.1 ± 1.8

0.044

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

74.0 ± 0.8

71.7 ± 0.9

0.056

74.0 ± 1.03

73.8 ± 1.2

0.887

73.9 ± 1.1

69.3 ± 1.4

0.013