The association between dietary polyphenol intake and cardiometabolic factors in overweight and obese women: a cross-sectional study

Table 2 Characteristics of study population according to tertiles of DPI in overweight and obese women (n = 404)

Characteristics	Tertile of DPI			p-value	p-value*
	T1 (< 1984.59)	T2 (1984.59–2731.68)	T3 (> 2731.68)
	Mean \(\pm\) SD	Mean \(\pm\) SD	Mean \(\pm\) SD
Body composition
BMI (kg/m²)	31.54 ± 4.20	30.74 ± 3.83	30.61 ± 3.51	0.11	0.38
WC (cm)	101.11 ± 9.07	97.82 ± 9.60^a	98.37 ± 9.29^a	0.01	0.07
HC (cm)	106.05 ± 11.42	105.29 ± 5.72	105.58 ± 6.05	0.75	0.45
NC (cm)	37.60 ± 4.29	38.50 ± 12.26	36.80 ± 2.29	0.37	0.43
WHR (cm)	1.64 ± 7.98	0.93 ± 0.05	0.93 ± 0.05	0.35	0.04
WHtR (cm)	0.62 ± 0.05	0.60 ± 0.05	0.61 ± 0.05	0.09	0.04
Biochemical parameters
FBG (mg/dl)	86.09 ± 9.21	89.53 ± 10.95	86.76 ± 8.50	0.06	0.26
CHOL (mg/dl)	184.18 ± 36.58	185.39 ± 39.66	185.58 ± 33.38	0.96	0.98
TG (mg/dl)	114.79 ± 51.59	117.91 ± 60.50	120.90 ± 64.43	0.81	0.53
HDL-c (mg/dl)	45.81 ± 9.93	47.28 ± 11.86	47.07 ± 10.62	0.68	0.57
LDL-c (mg/dl)	93.55 ± 23.79	94.09 ± 26.29	96.75 ± 22.77	0.65	0.04
Insulin (mIU/ ml)	1.19 ± 0.21	1.24 ± 0.23	1.20 ± 0.23	0.26	0.18
HOMA IR	3.50 ± 1.50	3.47 ± 1.36	3.13 ± 1.03	0.11	0.05
SBP (mmHg)	111.32 ± 13.59	112.53 ± 13.18^a	111.22 ± 14.32^a	0.76	0.05
DBP (mmHg)	78.44 ± 9.69	77.68 ± 11.69	76.75 ± 9.85	0.54	0.06

The use of \(\mathrm{chi}-\mathrm{square}\), t-test, and ANOVA test
All data are presented as mean, SD or N and %
The analysis was adjusted for energy intake
BMI body mass index, WC waist circumference, HC hip circumference, NC neck circumference, WHR weight to hip ratio, WHtR weight to height ratio, FBG fasting blood glucose, CHOL cholesterol, TG triglyceride, HDL-c high-density lipoprotein, LDL-c low-density lipoprotein, HOMA homeostasis model assessment, IR insulin resistance, Hs-CRP high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure
^asignificant compared to tertile 1
P-value < 0.05 was considered significant
P-value * obtained from ANCOVA test adjusted for age, physical activity, BMI, total energy intake, and supplement consumption

ISSN: 1472-6823